8.2 GRAMMAR: -ING FORM AND INFINITIVE

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質問 English 答え English
Complete the article "An Expert Comments on The Ultimatum Game"
学び始める
Use the -ing form, the infinitive or the infinitive + to
Research shows that people tend (respond) differently depending on their cultural context and other factors.
学び始める
Research shows that people tend to respond differently depending on their cultural context and other factors.
In Japan, players offered twice as much as those in Peru. But don't make the mistake of (think) that Japanese are more generous than Peruvians.
学び始める
In Japan, players offered twice as much as those in Peru. But don't make the mistake of thinking that Japanese are more generous than Peruvians.
Perhaps (be) generous in the game means
学び始める
Perhaps being generous in the game means
you want people (think) you are in real life.
学び始める
you want people to think you are in real life.
The game gives you the chance (act) unselfishly or not;
学び始める
The game gives you the chance to act unselfishly or not;
some people are playing (impress) people.
学び始める
some people are playing to impress people.
If it's important to someone (see) as fair,
学び始める
If it's important to someone to be seen as fair,
it's easy (act) that way in the game because it's just a game.
学び始める
it's easy to act that way in the game because it's just a game.
The Dictator Game is very interesting because no one would imagine a genuine dictator really (share) money.
学び始める
The Dictator Game is very interesting because no one would imagine a genuine dictator really sharing money.
True, some players would (keep) everything,
学び始める
True, some players would keep everything,
but most people let their partner (have) a share of the money.
学び始める
but most people let their partner have a share of the money.
Interestingly, most five-year-olds will (share) at least half of the money
学び始める
Interestingly, most five-year-olds will share at least half of the money
they're not interested in (have) the most.
学び始める
they're not interested in having the most.
My opinion is that deep down most human beings would rather (cooperate)
学び始める
My opinion is that deep down most human beings would rather cooperate
and avoid (exploit) others, in the game and in real life.
学び始める
and avoid exploiting others, in the game and in real life.
after a preposition
In Japan, players offered twice as much as those in Peru. But don't make the mistake of thinking that Japanese are more generous than Peruvians. they're not interested in having the most.
学び始める
-ing form
to express purpose
some people are playing to impress people.
学び始める
infinitive + to
after let someone or make someone
but most people let their partner have a share of the money.
学び始める
infinitive
as part of a semi-fixed phrase, e.g. It's important/easy and the chance
The game gives you the chance to act unselfishly or not; If it's important to someone to be seen as fair, it's easy to act that way in the game because it's just a game.
学び始める
infinitive + to
as a subject or object (or part of one of these)
Perhaps being generous in the game means
学び始める
-ing form
after modal verbs
True, some players would keep everything, Interestingly, most five-year-olds will share at least half of the money
学び始める
infinitive
after certain verbs, e.g. enjoy, avoid, imagine
The Dictator Game is very interesting because no one would imagine a genuine dictator really sharing money. and avoid exploiting others, in the game and in real life.
学び始める
-ing form
after certain verbs, e.g. want, would like, tend
Research shows that people tend to respond differently depending on their cultural context and other factors. you want people to think you are in real life.
学び始める
infinitive + to
after had better, would rather
My opinion is that deep down most human beings would rather cooperate
学び始める
infinitive

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8.1 VOCABULARY: DECISIONS; DESCRIBING PEOPLE

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