CONTRACT & INHERITANCE LAW

party

strona

consideration

świadczenie

In those systems, a one-sided promise to do something (e.g. a promise to make a gift) does not lead to the ----- of an enforceable contract, as it lacks consideration.

formation

counter-offer

kontroferta

essential terms

warunki

subject matter

przedmiot umowy

oral contract

umowa ustna

rights

prawa

obligations

obowiązki

breaching party

strona naruszająca umowę

breach of contract

naruszenie umowy

non-breaching party / injured party

strona pokrzywdzona

damages

odszkodowanie

specific performance

nakaz wykonania umowy

assignment

przeniesienie

assignor

przenoszący

assignee

otrzymujący

Usually, contract --- occurs when an offer is accepted.

formation

A new offer made by one party to another party is called a ---

counter-offer

The price and the subject matter of a contract are the essential --- of a contract.

terms

A contract which is not in written form but has been expressed in spoken words is called an ---

oral contract

Under a contract, a party has --- (that is, certain things it has to do).

obligations

When a party does not do what it has promised to do under a contract, it can be sued for --- of contract.

breach

A court can award --- to the non-breaching party.

damages

an offer

to accept, make, reject

a contract

to breach, enforce, form, negotiate, perform)

damages

to award

a lawsuit

to file

contract of sale (seller/buyer)

umowa sprzedaży (sprzedający/kupujący)

lease (lessor/lessee)

umowa dzierżawy (dzierżawca/dzierżawca)

tenancy contract (landlord/ tenant)

umowa najmu (właściciel/najemca)

contract of loan (lender / borrower)

umowa pożyczki (pożyczkodawca / pożyczkobiorca)

contract of agency (principal/ agent)

umowa agencyjna (zleceniodawca/agent)

contract to perform a specified task (principal/ commissioned party)

umowa o dzieło

contract of suretyship (surety / debtor)

umowa poręczenia (poręczyciel/dłużnik)

contract of mandate (mandator/ mandatary)

umowa zlecenie

contract of donation (donor / donee)

umowa darowizny / darowizna (darczyńca / obdarowany)

contract of commission (commission agent / commissioning party)

umowa komisu (komisant / zleceniodawca)

freedom of contract

swoboda umów

liability for debt

odpowiedzialność za dług

breach / brake

naruszyć

award damages

przyznać odszkodowanie

counter-offer

kontroferta / nowa oferta

consideration (the exchange of sth; each party have to get sth)

Świadczenie

under seal

signed and sealed (stamped) by the parties involved

The essential elements of contract are

1. offer made by one party should be accepted by the other; 2. consideration (the price in money, goods or some other reward, paid by one party in exchange for another party agreeing to do something); 3. the intention to create legal relations.

The terms of a contract may be --- (clearly stated) or --- (not clearly stated in the contract, but generally understood)

express / implied

the contract may be voided

it becomes invalid

succession

dziedziczenie

estate

spadek

the deceased / a deceased / decedent

zmarły

descendants / posterity / issue

zstępni

ascendants

wstępni

successor

spadkobierca

charge / encumbrance / burden

obciążenie

charge / encumber / burden

obciążyć

at the decease / at the death / at the time of death

w chwili śmierci / z chwilą śmierci

testate succession (based on a will)

dziedziczenie testamentowe

intestate succession (based on legal succession, without a will)

dziedziczenie ustawowe

testament / last will and testament / will

testament

testate successor / legatee

spadkobierca testamentowy

intestate successor / heir / heir ab intestato

spadkobierca ustawowy

the deceased / a deceased / decedent

spadkodawca

testator

spadkodawca testamentowy

an /the intestate

spadkodawca ustawowy

declaration of unworthiness

uznanie za niegodnego

declared unworthy

uznany za niegodnego

succession proceedings

postępowanie spadkowe

opening of the succession

otwarcie spadku

hereditary portion

udział spadkowy

executor

wykonawca testamentu

draw up / make a testament

sporządzić testament

revoke a testament

odwołać testament

legitim

zachowek

bequeath

zapisać w testamencie

cremation

kremacja

disinherit

wydziedziczyć

residuary estate

reszta spadkowa

A will is often also known in legal terms as a

last will and testament

to be of sound mind

w pełni władz umysłowych

dependants

osoby na utrzymaniu

A person who has died recently is often referred to as

the deceased

Someone who dies without making a will is said to have died

intestate

is the legal acceptance that a document, and especially a will, is valid.

Probate -

If a person dies without making a will, a person known as an --- might be appointed by a court to represent the deceased.

administrator

is a document which makes a change or an addition to a will

codicil -

A person who is appointed by a person making his/her will to make sure that the terms of the will are carried out is called an

executor

A person who gives property or money to others in a will is called a

benefactor

the person who is left money or property in a will is called a

beneficiary

The money and property that is owned by a person, especially someone who has died, is known as an

estate

is a verb which means ‘to acquire something from a person who has died’

Inherit

The property which is received is called an

inheritance

Money or property which is looked after for someone by someone else (for example, money which has been left in a will that someone will receive when they reach a particular age) is called a

trust

The person who looks after this money is called a

Osoba, która opiekuje się tymi pieniędzmi, nazywa się

The person who looks after this money is called a

trustee

People who are seriously ill often appoint someone to deal with their affairs for them. This is called

power of attorney

Many people now write special healthcare directives called --- which indicate how they want to be treated if they become seriously ill

living wills