English Common Nouns

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質問 English 答え English
aberration
学び始める
a deviation from what is normal or expected
Aberrations in climate have become the norm: rarely a week goes by without some meteorological phenomenon making headlines.
accolade
学び始める
an award or praise granted as a special honor
Jean Paul-Sartre was not a fan of accolades; and as such; he refused to accept the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1964.
acrimony
学び始める
bitterness and ill will
The acrimonious dispute between the president and vice-president sent a clear signal to voters: the health of the current administration was imperiled.
aesthete
学び始める
one who professes great sensitivity to the beauty of art and nature
A true aesthete; Marty would spend hours at the Guggenheim Museum; staring at the same Picasso.
aesthetic
学び始める
a set of principles underlying and guiding the work of a particular artist or artistic movement.
The artist operated according to a peculiar aesthetic; not considering any photograph to be worth publishing unless it contained a marine mammal.
amalgam
学び始める
a mixture of multiple things
The band's music was an amalgam of hip-hop; flamenco and jazz; blending the three styles with surprising results.
anomaly
学び始める
something that is not normal; standard; or expected
After finding an anomaly in the data; she knew that she would have to conduct her experiment again.
antipathy
学び始める
an intense feeling of dislike or aversion
Maria had an antipathy for tour groups; often bolting to the other side of the museum as soon as she saw a chaperone leading a group of wide-eyed tourists.
apathy
学び始める
an absence of emotion or enthusiasm
Widespread apathy among voters led to a very small turnout on election day.
ascetic
学び始める
one who practices great self-denial
Historically; ascetics like Ghandi are often considered wise men partially because of their restraint.
audacity
学び始める
aggressive boldness in social situations
She surprised her colleagues by having the audacity to publically criticize the findings of an distinguished scientist.
banality
学び始める
a trite or obvious remark
Herbert regarded the minister's remark as a mere banality until Sharon pointed out profound implications to the seemingly obvious words.
calumny
学び始める
" making of a false statement meant to injure a person""s reputation"
With the presidential primaries well under way; the air is thick with calumny; and the mud already waist- high.
constituent
学び始める
being a part of a whole
The constituents of the metal alloy are nickle; copper; and tin.
contingent
学び始める
a gathering of persons representative of some larger group
A small contingent of those loyal to the king have gathered around the castle to defend it.
contrition
学び始める
the feeling of remorse or guilt that comes from doing something bad
Those who show contrition during their prison terms--especially when under review by a parole board-- often get shortened sentences.
culpability
学び始める
a state of guilt
Since John had left his banana peel at the top of the stairwell; he accepted culpability for Martha's broken leg.
decorum
学び始める
propriety in manners and conduct
You will obey the rules of decorum for this courtroom or spend the night in a jail cell; said the judge to the prosecutor.
dilettante
学び始める
an amateur who engages in an activity without serious intentions and who pretends to have knowledge
Fred has no formal medical training; while he likes to claim authority on medical issues; he is little more than a dilettante
duress
学び始める
compulsory force or threat
The witness said he signed the contract under duress and argued that the court should cancel the agreement.
flux
学び始める
a state of uncertainty about what should be done (usually following some important event)
Ever since Elvira resigned as the head of marketing; everything about our sales strategy has been in a state of flux.
gall
学び始める
feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will
In an act of gall; Leah sent compromising photos of her ex-boyfriend to all his co-workers and professional contacts.
glut
学び始める
an excessive supply
The Internet offers such a glut of news related stories that many find it difficult to know which story to read first.
harangue
学び始める
a long pompous speech; a tirade
Dinner at Billy's was more a punishment than a reward; since anyone who sat at the dinner table would have to listen to Billy's father's interminable harangues against the government.
heretic
学び始める
a person who holds unorthodox opinions in any field (not merely religion)
Though everybody at the gym told Mikey to do cardio before weights; Mikey was a heretic and always did the reverse.
iconoclast
学び始める
somebody who attacks cherished beliefs or institutions
"Lady Gaga; in challenging what it means to be clothed; is an iconoclast for wearing a ""meat dress"" to a prominent awards show."
idiosyncrasy
学び始める
a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual
Peggy's numerous idiosyncrasies include wearing mismatched shoes; laughing loudly to herself; and owning a pet aardvark.
indifference
学び始める
the trait of seeming not to care
In an effort to fight indifference; the president of the college introduced a new; stricter grading system.
jingoism
学び始める
excessive patriotism
North Korea maintains intense control over its population through a combination of jingoism and cult of personality.
largess
学び始める
extreme generosity and giving
Uncle Frank was known for his largess; so his nephew was sad when he did not receive a present for his birthday.
maverick
学び始める
someone who exhibits great independence in thought and action
Officer Kelly was a maverick; rarely following police protocols or adopting the conventions for speech common among his fellow officers.
mendacity
学び始める
the tendency to be untruthful
I can forgive her for her mendacity but only because she is a child and is seeing what she can get away with.
myriad
学び始める
a large indefinite number
There are a myriad of internet sites hawking pills that claim to boost energy for hours on end.
nuance
学び始める
a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude
Because of the nuances involved in this case; I hired an outside consultant to advice us and help.
opulence
学び始める
wealth as evidenced by sumptuous living
Russian oligarchs are famous for their opulence; living in fancy homes and dining on expensive cavier.
panache
学び始める
distinctive and stylish elegance
Jim; with his typical panache; came to the wedding reception with a top hat; a cane; and a long cape covered in sequins.
perfidy
学び始める
an act of deliberate betrayal; a breach of a trust
The lowest circles in Dante's Inferno were for those who had practiced perfidy; and among these; the very lowest was for those; such as Judas; who had been treacherous to one of their benefactors.
platitude
学び始める
a trite or obvious remark
The professor argued that many statements regarded as wise in previous times; such as the Golden Rule; are now regarded as mere platitudes.
polemic
学び始める
a strong verbal or written attack on someone or something.
The professor launched into a polemic; claiming that Freudian theory was a pack of lies that absolutely destroyed European literary theory. This word has other definitions but this is the most important one for the GRE
predilection
学び始める
a strong liking
Monte had a predilection for the fine things in life: Cuban cigars; 200 dollar bottles of wine; and trips to the French Riviera.
prescience
学び始める
the power to foresee the future
Baxter's warnings about investing in technology stocks seemed like an act of prescience after the whole market declined significantly.
profligate
学び始める
someone who spends money recklessly or wastefully
Most lottery winners go from being conservative; frugal types to outright profligates who blow millions on fast cars; lavish homes; and giant yachts.
pundit
学び始める
someone who has been admitted to membership in a scholarly field
Steven Pinker's credentials are unquestioned as a pundit; he has taught at MIT and Stanford; teaches at Harvard; and has published a number of influential books on cognition; language; and psychology.
sanction
学び始める
a legal penalty for a forbidden action
International sanctions have been placed on certain shipping lanes that were thought to be involved in human trafficking.
sycophant
学び始める
a person who tries to please someone in order to gain a personal advantage
The CEO was unaware of the damaging consequences of his choices; largely because he surrounded himself with sycophants who would never dare criticize him.
temperance
学び始める
the trait of avoiding excesses
Welles wasn't known for his temperance--he usually ate enough for two and drank enough for three.
torpor
学び始める
inactivity resulting from lethargy and lack of vigor or energy
After work; I was expecting my colleagues to be enthusiastic about the outing; but I found them in a state of complete torpor.
travesty
学び始める
an absurd presentation of something; a mockery
What I expected to be an intelligent; nuanced historical documentary turned out to be a poorly-produced travesty of the form.
venality
学び始める
the condition of being susceptible to bribes or corruption
Even some of the most sacrosanct sporting events are not immune to venality; as many of the officials have received substantial bribes to make biased calls.
volubility
学び始める
the quality of talking or writing easily and continuously
The professor's volubility knows no bounds; he could talk through a hurricane and elaborate a point from one St. Patrick's Day to the next.

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