Gandhi from india to england (1869-1892)

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質問 答え
Leaders
noun
leaders from many countries spoke about him
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قادة
died
verb
People all over the world felt sad because he had died
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مات
recognize
verb
Today, people everywhere still recognize his face
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تعرف
lay
verb
They take flowers to the Raj Ghat in Delhi, where Gandhi's body lay
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بسط/يضع
death
noun
after his death more than sixty years ago
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الموت
violence
noun
Gandhi believed that people could change the world without using violence
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عنف
extraordinary
adj
He lived a simple but extraordinary life and he became the leader of many
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استثنائي
Empire
noun
The british empire only began to control the whole of India in the nineteenth century
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إمبراطورية
control
noun and verb
The british empire only began to control the whole of India in the nineteenth century
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سيطرة
whole
adj and noun
The british empire only began to control the whole of India in the nineteenth century
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كامل
century
noun
The british empire only began to control the whole of India in the nineteenth century
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قرن
provinces
noun
India was a very large country, with many provinces
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المحافظات
customs
noun
India was a very large country, with many provinces, cities, languages, and customs
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جمرك/عادات
govern
verb
India kings worked with the british to govern the country
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حكم
western
adj
About 15,000 people lived in this small town on india's western coast
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الغربي
coast
noun
About 15,000 people lived in this small town on india's western coast
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ساحل
wall
noun
A wall of white stone had been built along the beach because the sea was often rough
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حائط
rough
adj and noun
A wall of white stone had been built along the beach because the sea was often rough
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هائج
birds
noun
There were many fishing boats and beautiful sea birds to watch
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الطيور
faith
noun
They belonged to the Hindu faith
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إيمان/دين
east
noun
And so the family moved to Rajkot, about 190 kilometres east, away from the sea
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الشرق
narrow
adj
it was another old city, with narrow streets
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ضيق
shy
adj
Mohandas was a very shy boy, afraid of ghosts and of the dark
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خجولة
afraid
adj
Mohandas was a very shy boy, afraid of ghosts and of the dark
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خائف
ghosts
noun
Mohandas was a very shy boy, afraid of ghosts and of the dark
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أشباح
dark
noun and adj
Mohandas was a very shy boy, afraid of ghosts and of the dark
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داكن/ اظلام
taught
verb3
His mother Putlibai taught him to pray, to help him with these fears
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تدرس
pray
very
His mother Putlibai taught him to pray, to help him with these fears
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صلى
fears
noun and verb
His mother Putlibai taught him to pray, to help him with these fears
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المخاوف
separately
adverb
In those days, different groups in India lived separately, and were not allowed to be friends with each other
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على حدة
allowed
verb and noun
In those days, different groups in India lived separately, and were not allowed to be friends with each other
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سمح
untouchable
adj
One group had a very difficult life, they were known at that time as Untouchables.
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لا تلمس
dirtiest
adj
They were given the dirtiest jobs to do, and were not allowed to use same buildings as other people
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أقذر
argued
verb
Mohandas argued about this with his mother
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جادل
wine
noun
he and his brothers and sisters were not allowed to eat meat, to drink wine, or smoke, because of their hindu faith
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نبيذ
secretly
adverb
But secretly, Mohandas and his brother began to somke cigarettes
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في السر
copied
noun and verb
and later he copied a school friend and began to eat meat
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نسخ/قلد يقلد
marriage
noun
In those days, marriage of children was the custom in India
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زواج
accepted
verb
Mohandas accepted this arrangement - he felt happy because of the music, the new clothes, and rich food at the wedding
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وافقت/ قبل
arrangement
noun
Mohandas accepted this arrangement - he felt happy because of the music, the new clothes, and rich food at the wedding
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ترتيب
enemy
noun
But much later, he became an enemy of child marriages and worked hard to stop them
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العدو/ عدو
during
preposition
During the first years of their marriage, Kastur usually lived with her parents
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أثناء
stormy
adj
Mohandas soon began to love his wife, but it was a stormy marriage at first
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عاصف
confident
adj
Kastur was a confident girl, and Mohandas felt jealous of her because he was still very shy
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واثق
jealous
adj
Kastur was a confident girl, and Mohandas felt jealous of her because he was still very shy
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غيور
ashamed
adj
He tried to control her, and then he felt ashamed of himself
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خجلان
ill
adj
gandhi's father, became very ill soon after the wedding, and Mohandas helped to look after him
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مريض
cared
verb
for three years, he cared for his father every day after school
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يهتم
less
adverb
After Karamchand Gandhi's death, the family had less money
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أقل
head
noun
Laxmidas, the oldest brother, was now the head of the family
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رئيس
law
noun
Mohandas finished school and began to dream about going to London to study law
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القانون
Although
Although he was still very shy, he was not afraid of new experiences
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رغم أن
either
His mother did not want him to leave India either
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إما/ايضا
promised
verb
until Mohandas promised her that he would not tough meat, wine, or women.
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وعد
disagreed
verb
Although many friends of the family disagreed with mohandas's plan
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اختلف
managed
verb
Laxmidas managed to find enough money for it
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تمكن
boarded
verb
He said goodbye to his family and boarded the clyde
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استقل
Voyage
noun
The voyage was three weeks long, through the Suez canal and across the mediterranean sea
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رحلة
suez canal
noun
The voyage was three weeks long, through the Suez canal and across the mediterranean sea
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قناة السويس
across
adverb
The voyage was three weeks long, through the Suez canal and across the mediterranean sea
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عبر
Mediterranean sea
noun
The voyage was three weeks long, through the Suez canal and across the mediterranean sea
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البحرالابيض المتوسط
refused
verb
On the ship Mohandas refused to eat meat
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رفض
passengers
noun
Other passengers warned him that he would need to eat meat in london because of the cold weather
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ركاب
warned
verb
Other passengers warned him that he would need to eat meat in london because of the cold weather
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حذر
discovered
verb
He discovered a vegetarian restaurant called the central where he enjoyed the food
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يكتشف
vegetarian
noun and adj
He discovered a vegetarian restaurant called the central where he enjoyed the food
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نباتي
central
adj
He discovered a vegetarian restaurant called the central where he enjoyed the food
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وسط/ مركزي
interested
adj
He began to read vegetarian books and became interested in different foods
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مهتم/ مولع ب
decided
He decided that he would never eat meat again - and he never did
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قرر
dancing
noun
At first, Mohandas had dancing and music, but they were too expensive.
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رقص
order
noun and verb
He began to cook for himself and to walk everywhere in order to save mony
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طلب
christan
noun
He went to vegetarian meetings and became friends with some British christians
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كرستان/ مسحي
truth
noun
For the first time he became interested in God, and he began to search for the truth about god
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حقيقة
ideas
noun
He wanted to learn about different ideas about god
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أفكار
holy
adj
He began to read in English the Bhagavad Gita the song of god, which is one of the holy books of the Hindu faith
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مقدس
Jews
noun
He began to read the holy books of the jews and christians
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يهود
returned
verb
Mohands finished his studies after three years in london, and returned to India in 1891
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عاد
early
adj and adverb
laxmidas told mohandas that their mother had died earlier that year.
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مبكرا/ في بداية
filled
verb
Mohandas was filled with sadness
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معبأ/يملا
sadness
noun
Mohandas was filled with sadness
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حزن
unable
adj
He was unable to tell her that he had kept his promise
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غير قادر
earn
verb
Laxmidas hoped that Mohandas was going to earn lots of money as lawyer, but it was not easy
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كسب
lawyer
noun
Laxmidas hoped that Mohandas was going to earn lots of money as lawyer, but it was not easy
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محام
south
noun
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جنوب
hated
verb and noun
He was still very shy and he hated going to court
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كرهت
court
noun
He was still very shy and he hated going to court
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محكمة/ ملعب
trouble
noun and verb
Laxmidas got into trouble with a British officer called ollivant
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مشكلة/ يزعج
officer
noun
Laxmidas got into trouble with a British officer called ollivant
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ضابط/ مسؤول
persuade
verb
At first Mohandas refused, but at last his brother persuaded him.
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اقناع
angry
adj
He became angry when Mohandas tried to talk to him.
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غاضب
servant
noun
He called his servant who pushed Mohandas out of the room
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خادم
push out of
verb
He called his servant who pushed Mohandas out of the room
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اخرج من
painful
adj
This was a painful experience and Mohandas felt angry and bitter with himself, as well as with British officer
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مؤلم
bitter
adj
This was a painful experience and Mohandas felt angry and bitter with himself, as well as with British officer
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مرارة
as well as
adverb
This was a painful experience and Mohandas felt angry and bitter with himself, as well as with British officer
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طالما
realize
verb
For the first time he realized how strong the British government was
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أدرك
miserable
adj
but most mohandas's work was in Ollivant's court and he felt miserable and helpless
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تعيس/ بائس
helpless
adj
but most mohandas's work was in Ollivant's court and he felt miserable and helpless
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عاجز
receive
verb
Just then Laxmidas received a letter from a company in porbandar
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تسلم
repay
verb
He would also be able to repay to Laxmidas the money
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رد
prepare
verb
Mohandas had been back in India for two years, and once again he prepared to leave
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إعداد
travel
verb
He said goodbye again to Kastur and their two sons and travelled to Bombay
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السفر

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