IB - Module 7

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質問 English 答え English
Founders and entrepreneurs
学び始める
founder starts sth new, entrepreneurs also start sth new but in the process destroy sth old; Founder is usually an entrepreneur but not always
imprinting theory
学び始める
focuses on the whole of the founders; Founder&Founding characteristics -> Imprint -> Persistence
Founder & Founding characteristics
学び始める
during some brief periods organisations are particularly sensitive to internal and external influences
Imprint
学び始める
the organisation develops salient features which are characteristic of the people or environment
Persistence
学び始める
these organisation features persist, even when the context subsequently changes again
Theory of creative destruction
学び始める
entrepreneurs differ from founders that before they start sth new, they must destroy sth old
Creative destruction in the music players industry
学び始める
phonograph -> graphophone -> compact disc (CD's) -> MP3
Sole trader, Hair Dresser, Start up - characteristics
学び始める
owner owns the business, owner controls the business
Partnership, law firm - characteristics
学び始める
two or more partners own the business; partners control the business (sometimes they may hire a manager)
Private company; small to medium sized companies, but also large firms
学び始める
Shareholders own the business, Directors and managers control the business
Public limited company
学び始める
Many shareholders own the business, directors and managers control it
Public sector organizations
学び始める
government own the business, directors control it
Agency problem
学び始める
a conflict inherent in any relationship where one party (agent) is expected to act in the best interests of another (principal); Possible conflicts of interest
Moral hazard
学び始める
risk that a party has not entered into a contract in good faith or has provided misleading information about its assets, liabilities or credit capacity
Adverse selection
学び始める
situation where the agent has more information than the principal has or vice versa about some aspect of the work
Functions of executive - Chester Barnard
学び始める
Communication, Defining purpose, Securing essential services from individuals
Communication as an executive
学び始める
establish formal communication lines, securing informal organisation
Defining purpose
学び始める
make the strategic choices of the firm, assignment of responsibilities
Securing essential services from individuals
学び始める
Bringing people into cooperative relationship with the organization; making sure they do the work
authority of position
学び始める
people are assigned authority through the office they hold, to a considerable extent independent of personal ability
authority of leadership
学び始める
people are assigned authority due to a superior ability
How to be an effective manager according to Peter Drucker
学び始める
be a great manager of time; focus on results and meaningful contributions; make decisions based on strengths, not on weaknesses; do first things first, second things not at all
Penrose's views of the firm
学び始める
firm is a mix of physical and Human Resources; the extent to which the firm can rely on effective managers is the key limiting to the growth; Managerial capacity; Excess managerial capacity is needed in rapid growth situations, i.e. after acquisitions
Managerial capacity
学び始める
managerial services and ability to capture management know-how, which exists in finite quantities
Upper Echelon Theory
学び始める
How certain background characteristics of managers in part explain organizational actions and outcomes of the firm

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