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2(also flies [pl.]) an opening down the front of a pair of trousers that fastens with buttons or a zip and is covered with a narrow piece of cloth Henry, your flies are undone. ▶ rozporek fly2 /flaɪ; US / noun [countable] 1 (pl. flies) a small insect with two wings Flies buzzed round the dead cow. ▶ mucha
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2[countable] an aircraft that takes you on a particular journey Flight number 340 from London to New York is boarding now. ▶ lot flight /flaɪt; US / noun ⇨ 1[countable] a journey by air to book a flight a direct/scheduled/charter flight They met on a flight to Australia. a manned space flight to Mars ▶ lot przelot ⇨ note at journey, plane
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5[countable, uncountable] the act of running away or escaping from a dangerous or difficult situation the refugees’ flight from the war zone ▶ ucieczka 3[uncountable] the act of flying It’s unusual to see swans in flight (lecące łabędzie). ▶ lot 4[countable] a number of stairs or steps going up or down a flight of stairs ▶ szereg (stopni) kondygnacja (schodów)
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ˈflight attendant noun [countable] a person whose job is to serve and take care of passengers on an aircraft ▶ steward/esa
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flinch /flɪntʃ / verb [intra] flinch (at sth); flinch (away) to make a sudden movement backwards because of sth painful or frightening She couldn’t help flinching away as the dentist came towards her with the drill. ▶ cofać się wzdrygać się
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fling2 /flɪŋ; US / noun [countable] a short period of fun and pleasure ▶ zabawa uciecha fling1 /flɪŋ; US / verb [transitive] (past tense, past participle flung /flʌŋ; US /) to throw sb/sth suddenly and carelessly or with great force He flung his coat on the floor. ▶ ciskać rzucać
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2[countable] a small piece of flint or metal that is used to produce sparks (for example in a cigarette lighter) ▶ krzesiwo kamień do zapalniczki flint /flɪnt; US / noun 1 [uncountable] very hard grey stone that produces sparks when you hit it against steel ▶ krzemień
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2[transitive] to throw sth into the air and make it turn over Let’s flip a coin to see who starts. ▶ podrzucać flip /flɪp; US / verb (flipping; flipped) 1[intransitive, transitive] to turn (sth) over with a quick movement She flipped the book open and started to read. The fish flipped over onto its other side. ▶ odwracać (się) szybkim ruchem
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ˈflip-flop (US thong /ɵɒŋ; US /) noun [countable, usually pl.] a simple open shoe with a narrow piece of material that goes between your big toe and the toe next to it I’m going to buy some flip-flops for the summer. ▶ klapek (typu japonka)
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2 a rubber shoe shaped like an animal’s flipper that people wear so that they can swim better, especially underwater a pair of flippers ▶ płetwa flipper /ˈflɪpə(r); US / noun [countable] 1 a flat arm that is part of the body of some sea animals which they use for swimming Seals have flippers. ▶ płetwa ⇨ look at fin
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flirt2 /flɜ: t; US / noun [countable] a person who often flirts with people ▶ flircia-rz/ra flirt1 /flɜ: t; US / verb [int] flirt (with sb) to behave in a way that suggests you find sb attractive and are trying to attract them Who was that boy Irene was flirting with at the party? • (figurative) to flirt with death/danger ▶ flirtować
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flirtatious /flɜ:ˈteɪʃəs; US / adj. behaving in a way that shows a sexual attraction to sb that is not serious a flirtatious smile ▶ flirciarski zalotny kokieteryjny □ flirtatiously /; US / adv. ▶ flirciarsko zalotnie kokieteryjnie
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flit /flɪt; US / verb [intransitive] (flitting; flitted) flit (from A to B); flit (between A and B) to fly or move quickly from one place to another without staying anywhere for long She flits from one job to another. ▶ przemykać (się) fruwać
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pływać, unosić się na wodzie 学び始める
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2[intransitive] float (in/on sth) to stay on the surface of a liquid and not sink Wood floats in water. There was something floating near the bank of the river. ▶ unosić się na wodzie float1 /fləʊt; US / verb 1[intransitive] to move slowly through air or water A leaf floated down to the ground. Boats were floating gently down the river. The smell of freshly-baked bread floated in through the window. ▶ pływać szybować
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pływak, deska do pływania 学び始める
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2 a light object used in fishing that moves on the water when a fish has been caught ▶ pływak (u wędki) 3 a light object used for helping people to learn to swim ▶ deska do pływania float2 /fləʊt; US / noun [countable] 1 a lorry or other vehicle that is decorated and used in a celebration that travels through the streets a carnival float ▶ ozdobiony pojazd używany w pochodach
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floating /ˈfləʊtɪŋ; US / adj. not fixed; not living permanently in one place a floating population a floating voter osoba, która nie zawsze głosuje na tę samą partię ▶ zmienny ruchomy niestały
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flock1 /flɒk; US / noun [countable] 1 a group of sheep or birds ▶ stado ⇨ look at herd 2 a large number of people Flocks of tourists visit Barcelona every summer. ▶ gromada tłum
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flog /flɒɡ; US; / verb [transitive] (flogging; flogged) 1[usually passive] to hit sb hard several times with a stick or a whip as a punishment ▶ chłostać flogging /ˈflɒɡɪŋ; US; / noun [countable, uncountable] the act of hitting sb several times with a stick or a whip as a punishment ▶ chłosta
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2flood in/into/out of sth Since the TV programme was shown, phone calls have been flooding into the studio. ▶ napływać masowo 3 (used about a thought, feeling, etc) to fill sb’s mind At the end of the day all his worries came flooding back ▶ napływać flood1 /flʌd; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] 1 to fill a place with water; to be filled or covered with water I left the taps on and flooded the bathroom. The River Trent floods almost every year. ▶ wylewać (się) zalewać
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2a flood (of sth) a large number or amount She received a flood of letters after the accident. The little boy was in floods of tears (tonął we łzach). ▶ lawina flood2 /flʌd; US / noun [countable] 1 a large amount of water that has spread from a river, the sea, etc. that covers an area which should be dry Many people have been forced to leave their homes because of the floods. ▶ powódź
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floodlight /ˈflʌdlaɪt; US / noun [countable] a powerful light that is used for lighting places where sports are played, the outside of public buildings, etc. ▶ reflektor
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2[countable] all the rooms that are on the same level of a building My office is on the second floor. Which floor is the men’s department on, please? ▶ piętro parter kondygnacja floor1 /flɔ:(r); US / noun 1 [countable, usually sing.] the flat surface that you walk on inside a building Don’t come in – there’s broken glass on the floor! to sweep the floor ceramic floor tiles a wooden/concrete/marble floor ▶ podłoga
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floorboard /ˈflɔ: bɔ: d; US / noun [countable] one of the long wooden boards used to make a floor ▶ deska podłogowa
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2flop around, back, down, etc. to move, hang or fall in a careless way without control I can’t bear my hair flopping in my eyes. ▶ wpadać (np. do oczu) zwisać flop1 /flɒp/ verb [intr] (flopping; flopped) 1flop into/onto sth; flop (down/back) to sit or lie down in a sudden and careless way because you are very tired I was so tired that all I could do was flop onto the sofa and watch TV. ▶ klapnąć padać
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2[usually sing.] a floppy movement ▶ bezwładny ruch flop2 /flɒp; US / noun [countable] 1 (used about a film, play, party, etc.) something that is not a success; a failure Her first novel was very successful but her second was a flop. a box-office flop ▶ niewypał klapa
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floppy /ˈflɒpi; US / adj. (floppier; floppiest) soft and hanging downwards; not hard and stiff a floppy hat ▶ miękki sflaczały
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ˌfloppy ˈdisk (also floppy pl. floppies) or diskette /dɪsˈket; US /) noun [countable] a square piece of plastic that can store information from a computer Don’t forget to back up your files onto a floppy disk. ▶ dyskietka
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flora /ˈflɔ: rə; US / noun [pl.] all the plants growing in a particular area He’s studying the flora and fauna of South America. ▶ roślinność flora
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floral /ˈflɔ: rəl; US / adj. decorated with a pattern of flowers, or made with flowers wallpaper with a floral design ▶ kwiatowy
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florist /ˈflɒrɪst; US; / noun 1 [countable] a person who has a shop that sells flowers ▶ kwiacia-rz/rka 2 (the florist’s) [sing.] a shop that sells flowers I bought her a bunch of flowers at the florist’s. ▶ kwiaciarnia
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flounder1 /ˈflaʊndə(r); US / verb [intransitive] 1 to find it difficult to speak or act (usually in a difficult or embarrassing situation) The questions they asked her at the interview had her floundering helplessly. ▶ plątać się flounder2 /ˈflaʊndə(r); US / noun [countable] (pl. flounder or flounders) a small flat sea fish that you can eat ▶ flądra
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flour /ˈflaʊə(r); US / noun [uncountable] a very thin powder made from a type of grain such as wheat and used for making bread, cakes, biscuits, etc. ▶ mąka
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kwitnąć, dobrze się rozwijać 学び始める
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2[transitive] to wave sth in the air so that people will notice it He proudly flourished two tickets for the concert. ▶ wymachiwać czymś flourish1 /ˈflʌrɪʃ; US ˈflɜ: r- / verb 1 [intransitive] to be strong and healthy; to develop in a successful way These plants flourish in a sunny position. a flourishing business ▶ dobrze się rozwijać kwitnąć
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2 a supply of sth the flow of information between the school and the parents ▶ przepływ 3 the way in which words, ideas, etc. Once Charlie’s in full flow (kiedy Charlie się rozgada), it’s hard to stop him talking. ▶ potok (np. słów) flow1 /fləʊ/ a flow (of sth/sb) 1 a steady, continuous movement of sth/sb Press hard on the wound to stop the flow of blood (zatamować upływ krwi). There’s a steady flow (odpływ) of young people from the country to the towns. ▶ przepływ dopływ
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2 (used about words, ideas, actions, etc.) to be joined together smoothly As soon as we sat down at the table, the conversation began to flow. ▶ płynąć toczyć się wartko flow2 /fləʊ; US / verb [intransitive] 1 to move in a smooth and continuous way (like water) This river flows south into the English Channel. a fast-flowing stream Traffic began to flow normally again after the accident. ▶ płynąć przepływać
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ˈflow chart (also ˈflow diagram) noun [countable] a diagram that shows the connections between different stages of a process or parts of a system ▶ schemat (działania)
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flower1 /ˈflaʊə(r)/ noun [c] 1 the coloured part of a plant or tree from which seeds or fruit grow The roses are in flower (kwitną) early this year. ▶ kwiat 2 a plant that is grown for its flowers to grow flowers a bunch of flowers ▶ kwiat
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flower2 /ˈflaʊə(r); US / verb [intransitive] to produce flowers This plant flowers in late summer. ▶ kwitnąć
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ˈflower bed (also bed) noun [countable] a piece of ground in a garden or park where flowers are grown ▶ kwietnik klomb
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flowerpot /ˈflaʊəpɒt; US / noun [countable] a pot in which a plant can be grown ▶ doniczka
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flowery /ˈflaʊəri; US / adj. 1 covered or decorated with flowers a flowery dress/hat/pattern ▶ kwiecisty w kwiatki 2 (used about a style of speaking or writing) using long, difficult words when they are not necessary ▶ kwiecisty
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flu /flu:; US / (also formal influenza /ˌɪnfluˈenzə; US /) noun [uncountable] an illness that is like a bad cold but more serious. You usually feel very hot and your arms and legs hurt There’s a lot of flu about. Dużo ludzi ma grypę. ▶ grypa
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Many people find that their moods fluctuate with the weather. ▶ wahać się (między czymś i czymś) zmieniać się oscylować □ fluctuation /ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ wahanie fluktuacja fluctuate /ˈflʌktʃueɪt/ verb [intr] fluctuate (between A and B) (used about prices and numbers, or people’s feelings) to change many times from one thing to another The number of students fluctuates between 100 and 150.
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flue /flu:; US / noun [countable] a pipe or tube that takes smoke, gas or hot air away from a fire, a heater or an oven a blocked chimney flue ▶ rura spalinowa przewód kominowy
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biegłość, biegła znajomość 学び始める
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□ fluency /ˈflu:ənsi; US / noun [uncountable] My knowledge of Japanese grammar is good but I need to work on my fluency. ▶ biegła znajomość biegłość
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2 (used about speaking, reading or writing) expressed in a smooth and accurate way He speaks fluent German. Mówi płynnie po niemiecku. ▶ biegły płynny fluent /ˈflu:ənt; US / adj. 1 fluent (in sth) able to speak or write a foreign language easily and accurately After a year in France she was fluent in French (mówiła biegle po francusku). ▶ biegły płynny
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—fluently /; US / adv. Mel can speak three languages fluently. ▶ biegle płynnie
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fluff /flʌf; US / noun [uncountable] 1 very small pieces of wool, cotton, etc. that form into balls and collect on clothes and other surfaces ▶ kłaczki z materiału na ubraniu 2 the soft new fur on young animals or birds ▶ puch
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fluffy /ˈflʌfi; US / adj. (fluffier; fluffiest) 1 covered in soft fur a fluffy kitten ▶ puchaty 2 that looks or feels very soft and light fluffy clouds/towels ▶ puszysty
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fluid2 /ˈflu:ɪd; US / adj. 1 able to flow smoothly like a liquid: (figurative) I like her fluid style of dancing. ▶ płynny 2 (used about plans, etc.) able to change or likely to be changed ▶ płynny zmienny niestały fluid1 /ˈflu:ɪd; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a substance that can flow; a liquid The doctor told her to drink plenty of fluids. cleaning fluid ▶ płyn ciecz
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fluke /flu: k; US / noun [countable, usually sing.] (informal) a surprising and lucky result that happens by accident, not because you have been clever or skilful The result was no fluke. The better team won. ▶ szczęśliwy traf
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fluorescent /ˌflɔ:ˈresnt; US ˌflʊəˈr- / adj. 1 producing a bright white light fluorescent lighting ▶ fluoryzujący jarzeniowy 2 very bright; seeming to shine fluorescent pink paint ▶ odblaskowy jaskrawy
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fluoride /ˈflɔ: raɪd; US / noun [uncountable] a chemical that can be added to water or toothpaste to help prevent bad teeth ▶ fluorek
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FM /ˌef ˈem; US / abbr. frequency modulation; one of the systems of sending out radio signals ▶ modulacja częstotliwości
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czerwienić się, rumienić się 学び始める
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2[transitive] to clean a toilet by pressing or pulling a handle that sends water into the toilet Please remember to flush the toilet after use. ▶ spuszczać wodę (w toalecie) spłukiwać toaletę flush1 /flʌʃ; US / verb 1 [intransitive] (used about a person or their face) to go red Susan flushed and could not hide her embarrassment. ▶ czerwienić się rumienić się Częściej używa się słowa blush.
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2 the act of cleaning a toilet with a quick flow of water; the system for doing this ▶ spłukiwanie toalety flush2 /flʌʃ; US / noun [countable, usually sing.] 1 a hot feeling or red colour that you have in your face when you are embarrassed, excited, angry, etc. The cold wind brought a flush to our cheeks. a flush of anger ▶ rumieniec wypieki
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zarumieniony, zaczerwieniony 学び始める
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flushed /flʌʃt; US / adj. with a hot red face You look very flushed. Are you sure you’re all right? ▶ zarumieniony z wypiekami na twarzy
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flute /flu: t; US / noun [countable] a musical instrument like a pipe that you hold sideways and play by blowing over a hole at one side ▶ flet
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2[intransitive] your heart or stomach flutters when you feel nervous and excited ▶ kołatać dygotać flutter1 /ˈflʌtə(r)/ 1 [intransitive, transitive] to move or make sth move quickly and lightly, especially through the air The flags were fluttering in the wind. The bird fluttered its wings and tried to fly. ▶ trzepotać powiewać opadać łagodnie
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2(Brit., slang) a bet on a race, etc. I sometimes have a flutter on the horses. Czasami gram na wyścigach konnych. 3 a state of nervous excitement ▶ niepokój flutter2 /ˈflʌtə(r); US / noun [countable, usually sing.] 1 a quick, light movement the flutter of wings/eyelids ▶ trzepotanie mruganie dygotanie drganie
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2[intransitive, transitive] to travel or carry sth in an aircraft, etc. My daughter is flying (out) to Singapore next week. Supplies of food were flown (in) to the starving people. ▶ lecieć f/flaɪ/ (flying; flies; past tense flew /flu:; US /, past participle flown /fləʊn; US /) 1 [intran, transitive] to move through the air This bird has a broken wing and can’t fly. How long does it take to fly the Atlantic? ▶ latać fruwać
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I slipped and my shopping went flying everywhere. Suddenly the door flew open (otworzyły się gwałtownie) and Mark came running in. to fly the Atlantic przelecieć przez Atlantyk The weekend has just flown by and now it’s Monday again. ▶ przelatywać 3[int, t] (used about a pilot) to control an aircraft You have to have special training to fly a jumbo jet. ▶ sterować latać 4[intransitive] to move quickly or suddenly through the air A large stone came flying (wleciał) through the window.
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□ flying /; US / noun [uncountable] I’m scared of flying. Boję się latać. ▶ latanie 5[intransitive, transitive] to move about or to make sth move about in the air The flags are flying. to fly a flag/kite ▶ powiewać puszczać (np. latawca) ⇨ noun flight
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2(also flies [pl.]) an opening down the front of a pair of trousers that fastens with buttons or a zip and is covered with a narrow piece of cloth Henry, your flies are undone. ▶ rozporek fly2 /flaɪ; US / noun [countable] ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1 (pl. flies) a small insect with two wings Flies buzzed round the dead cow. ▶ mucha
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2 a small sheet of paper that advertises a product or an event and is given to a large number of people to hand out flyers for a new club ▶ ulotka flyer (also flier) /ˈflaɪə(r); US / noun [countable] 1 a person who travels in a plane as a pilot or a passenger frequent flyers I’m a nervous flyer. ▶ lotnik pilot osoba często podróżująca samolotem
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ˌflying ˈsaucer noun [countable] a round spacecraft that some people say they have seen and believe comes from another planet ▶ latający talerz
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ˌflying ˈvisit noun [countable] a very quick visit I can’t stop. This is just a flying visit. ▶ krótka wizyta
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