|
質問 |
答え |
|
学び始める
|
|
immune system noun [countable] the system in your body that produces substances to help it fight against infection and disease ▶ system odpornościowy
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
Ambassadors to other countries receive diplomatic immunity. ▶ odporność nietykalność immunitet immunity /ɪˈmju: nəti; US / noun [u] the ability to avoid or not be affected by disease, criticism, punishment by law, etc. In many countries people have no immunity to diseases like measles.
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
immunization (also immunisation) /ˌɪmjunaɪˈzeɪʃn; US -nəˈz- / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ uodpornienie szczepienie immunize /ˈɪmjunaɪz/ verb [transitive] immunize sb/sth (against sth) to protect sb from a disease, usually by putting a vaccine into their blood Before visiting certain countries you will need to be immunized against cholera. ▶ uodparniać szczepić
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
imp /ɪmp; US / noun [countable] (in stories) a small creature like a little man, who has magic powers and behaves badly ▶ diabełek chochlik
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2[uncountable] the action or force of one object hitting another The impact of the crash threw the passengers out of their seats. The bomb exploded on impact (przy uderzeniu). ▶ uderzenie wstrząs impact /ˈɪmpækt; US / noun 1 [countable, usually sing.] an impact (on/upon sb/sth) a powerful effect or impression I hope this anti-smoking campaign will make/have an impact on young people. ▶ wrażenie wpływ
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impair /ɪmˈpeə(r); US / verb [transitive] to damage sth or make it weaker Ear infections can result in impaired hearing. ▶ uszkadzać osłabiać
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impale /ɪmˈpeɪl; US / verb [transitive] impale sb/sth (on sth) to push a sharp pointed object through sb/sth The boy fell out of the tree and impaled his leg on some railings. ▶ nadziewać (się) na coś
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ impartiality /ˌɪmˌpɑ:ʃiˈæləti; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ bezstronność OPPOSITE partiality —impartially /ɪmˈpɑ:ʃəli; US / adv. ▶ bezstronnie impartial /ɪmˈpɑ:ʃl; US / adj. not supporting one person or group more than another; fair The referee must be impartial. ▶ bezstronny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impassable /ɪmˈpɑ: səbl; US -ˈpæs- / adj. (used about a road, etc.) impossible to travel on because it is blocked Flooding and fallen trees have made many roads impassable. ▶ nieprzejezdny nie do przebycia
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impasse /ˈæmpɑ: s; US ˈɪmpæs / noun [usually sing.] a difficult situation in which no progress can be made because the people involved cannot agree what to do to break/end the impasse Negotiations have reached an impasse. ▶ impas
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impassive /ɪmˈpæsɪv; US / adj. (used about a person) showing no emotion or reaction ▶ niewzruszony obojętny beznamiętny □ impassively /; US / adv. ▶ niewzruszenie obojętnie beznamiętnie
|
|
|
zniecierpliwienie, niecierpliwość 学び始める
|
|
impatience /; US / noun [uncountable] He began to explain for the third time with growing impatience. ▶ niecierpliwość zniecierpliwienie
|
|
|
niecierpliwy, zniecierpliwiony 学び始める
|
|
impatiently /; US / adv. ▶ niecierpliwie /ɪmˈpeɪʃnt/ 1impatient (at sth/with sb) not able to stay calm and wait for sb/sth; easily annoyed by sb/sth that seems slow The passengers are getting impatient at the delay. It’s no good being impatient with small children. ▶ niecierpliwy
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
imperative /ɪmˈperətɪv; US / adj. very important or urgent It’s imperative that (trzeba koniecznie) you see a doctor immediately. ▶ naglący konieczny niezbędny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ imperceptibly /-əbli; US / adv. Almost imperceptibly winter was turning into spring. ▶ niedostrzegalnie nieuchwytnie imperceptible /ˌɪmpəˈseptəbl; US / adj. too small to be seen or noticed The difference between the original painting and the copy was almost imperceptible. ▶ niedostrzegalny nieuchwytny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
imperfect /ɪmˈpɜ: fɪkt; US / adj. with mistakes or faults an imperfect system ▶ wadliwy niedoskonały OPPOSITE perfect □ imperfectly /; US / adv. ▶ wadliwie niedoskonale
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
imperfection /ˌɪmpəˈfekʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a fault or weakness in sb/sth They learned to live with each other’s imperfections. The only slight imperfection in the painting is a scratch in the corner. ▶ niedoskonałość wada
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
imperial /ɪmˈpɪəriəl; US / adj. [only before a noun] 1 connected with an empire or its ruler the imperial palace ▶ cesarski monarszy imperatorski imperialny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
imperialism /ɪmˈpɪəriəlɪzəm; US / noun [uncountable] a political system in which a rich and powerful country has colonies ▶ imperializm □ imperialist /-ɪst; US / noun [countable] ▶ imperialist(k)a
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impermeable /ɪmˈpɜ: miəbl; US / adj. impermeable (to sth) not allowing a liquid or gas to pass through impermeable rock The container is impermeable to water vapour. ▶ nie przepuszczający
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2 not referring to any particular person Can we try to keep the discussion as impersonal as possible, please? ▶ bezosobowy impersonal /ɪmˈpɜ: sənl; US / adj. 1 not showing friendly human feelings; cold in feeling or atmosphere A large organization can be very impersonal to work for. My hotel room was very impersonal. ▶ bezosobowy (uczucia, atmosfera) zimny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ impersonation /ɪmˌpɜ: səˈneɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ odtworzenie podawanie się za kogoś innego odgrywanie (roli) —impersonator /ɪmˈpɜ: səneɪtə(r); US / noun [countable] ▶ odtwórca podający się za kogoś innego /ɪmˈpɜ:səneɪt/ verb [t] to copy the behaviour and way of speaking of a person a comedian who impersonates politicians He was arrested for impersonating a policeman ▶ odtwarzać podawać się za kogoś innego odgrywać (rolę)
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impertinence, impertinently —impertinently /; US / adv. ▶ bezczelnie zuchwale impertynencko z tupetem impertinence /; US / noun [uncountable] He had the impertinence to ask my age. ▶ bezczelność zuchwałość
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impertinent /ɪmˈpɜ: tɪnənt; US -tn- / adj. (formal) not showing respect; rude I do apologize. It was impertinent of my son to speak to you like that. ▶ bezczelny zuchwały
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impetuously /; US / adv. ▶ zapalczywie porywczo impulsywnie impetuous /ɪmˈpetʃuəs; US / adj. acting or done quickly and without thinking an impetuous decision ▶ zapalczywy porywczy Częściej używa się impulsive.
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
/ˈɪmpɪtəs / (an) impetus (for sth); (an) impetus (to do sth) sth that encourages sth else to happen This scandal provided the main impetus for changes in the rules. I need fresh impetus to start working on this essay again. ▶ rozpęd impet bodziec
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ implacably /ɪmˈplækəbli; US / adv. to be implacably opposed to the plan ▶ nieustępliwie /ɪmˈplækəbl/ adj. (used about strong negative opinions or feelings) that cannot be changed implacable hatred ▶ nieprzejednany 2 (used about a person) unwilling to stop opposing sb/sth an implacable enemy She remained implacable. ▶ nieustępliwy
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
implant /ˈɪmplɑ: nt; US -plænt / noun [countable] something that is put into a part of the body in a medical operation, often in order to make it bigger or a different shape ▶ implant
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
implausible /ɪmˈplɔ: zəbl; US / adj. not easy to believe an implausible excuse ▶ nieprzekonujący niewiarygodny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ implementation /ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ wdrożenie wprowadzenie w życie zastosowanie implement1 /ˈɪmplɪment; US / verb [transitive] to start using a plan, system, etc. Some teachers are finding it difficult to implement the government’s educational reforms. ▶ wdrażać wprowadzać w życie
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
implicate /ˈɪmplɪkeɪt; US / verb [transitive] implicate sb (in sth) to show that sb is involved in sth unpleasant, especially a crime A well-known politician was implicated in the scandal. ▶ wplątywać mieszać
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2[countable, uncountable] something that is suggested or said in a way that is not direct The implication of what she said was that (z tego, co powiedziała, można się było domyślić, że) we had made a bad mistake. ▶ ukryte znaczenie implication /ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn; US / noun 1 [countable, usually pl.] implications (for/of sth) the effect that sth will have on sth else in the future The new law will have serious implications for our work. ▶ implikacja
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
3[uncountable] implication (in sth) the fact of being involved, or of involving sb, in sth unpleasant, especially a crime The player’s implication in this scandal could affect his career. ▶ zamieszanie (w coś) ⇨ verb implicate
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2 complete; total I have implicit faith in your ability to do the job. ▶ bezwarunkowy bezwzględny □ implicitly /; US / adv. I trust you implicitly. ▶ bezwarunkowo bezwzględnie implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt; US / adj. 1 not expressed in a direct way but understood by the people involved We had an implicit agreement that we would support each other. ▶ milczący domniemany ukryty
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ implosion /ɪmˈpləʊʒn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ implozja upadek implode /ɪmˈpləʊd; US / verb [intransitive] 1 to burst or explode and collapse into the centre ▶ implodować ⇨ note at explode 2 (used about an organization, a system, etc.) to fail suddenly and completely ▶ upaść
|
|
|
implikować, dawać do zrozumienia 学び始める
|
|
imply /ɪmˈplaɪ; US / verb [transitive] (implying; implies; past tense, past participle implied) to suggest sth in an indirect way or without actually saying it He didn’t say so – but he implied that I was lying. ▶ dawać do zrozumienia implikować
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impolite /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt; US / adj. rude I think it was impolite of him to ask you to leave. ▶ niegrzeczny nieuprzejmy SYNONYMS rude, discourteous OPPOSITE polite □ impolitely /; US / adv. ▶ niegrzecznie nieuprzejmie
|
|
|
import, towar importowany 学び始める
|
|
2[uncountable] (also importation /ˌɪmpɔ:ˈteɪʃn; US /) the act of bringing goods or services into a country new controls on the import of certain goods from abroad ▶ import importowanie przywóz import1 /ˈɪmpɔ: t; US / noun 1 [countable, usually pl.] a product or service that is brought into one country from another What are your country’s major imports? ▶ towar importowany
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
Britain imports wine from France. • (figurative) We need to import some extra help from somewhere fast. ▶ sprowadzać importować □ importer /; US / noun [countable] Is Britain the world’s largest importer of tea? ▶ importer OPPOSITE exporter /ɪmˈpɔ:t/ verb [t] 1import sth (from…) to buy goods, etc. from a foreign country and bring them into your own country This country has to import most of its raw materials. imported goods
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
importance /ɪmˈpɔ: tns; US / noun [uncountable] ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW the quality of being important The decision was of great importance to the future of the business. ▶ znaczenie ważność
|
|
|
|
important Zarówno essential, jak i vital znaczą „bardzo ważny lub absolutnie konieczny“: It is essential/vital that our children get the best possible education. • Fresh fruit and vegetables are an essential/a vital part of a healthy diet. Mówimy również play a vital/key role in...: The police play a key role in our society. Wydarzenie o znaczeniu historycznym określane jest słowem historic: a historic decision/event/occasion. 学び始める
|
|
2 (used about a person) having great influence or authority Milton was one of the most important writers of his time. I soon got to know who was important in the company and who wasn’t. ▶ ważny □ importantly /; US / adv. ▶ w znaczący sposób important /ɪmˈpɔ: tnt; US / adj. ⇨ NOTE ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1important (to sb); important (for sb/sth) (to do sth); important that... having great value or influence; very necessary an important meeting/decision/factor
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2[intransitive] impose (on/upon sb/sth) to ask or expect sb to do sth that may cause extra work or trouble I hate to impose on you but can you lend me some money? ▶ narzucać (coś/komuś) narzucać się /ɪmˈpəʊz/ verb 1 [transitive] impose sth (on/upon sb/sth) to make a law, rule, opinion, etc. be accepted by using your power or authority Parents should try not to impose their own ideas on their children. ▶ narzucać nakazywać
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2[countable] an unfair or unpleasant thing that sb has to accept; sth that causes extra work or trouble ‘ Do stay for dinner.’ ‘ Are you sure it’s not an imposition?’ ▶ narzucanie się naciąganie imposition /ˌɪmpəˈzɪʃn; US / noun 1 [uncountable] the action of imposing I’m against the imposition of unnecessary rules and regulations on people. the imposition of military rule ▶ nakazywanie narzucanie
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
imposing /ɪmˈpəʊzɪŋ; US / adj. big and important; impressive They lived in a large, imposing house near the park. ▶ imponujący okazały
|
|
|
niemożliwość, niewykonalność 学び始める
|
|
impossible /ɪmˈpɒsəbl; US / 1 not able to be done or to happen It’s impossible for me to be there before 12. I find it almost impossible to get up in the morning! That horse is impossible to control. That’s impossible! ▶ niemożliwy niewykonalny —impossibility /ɪmˌpɒsəˈbɪləti; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (pl. impossibilities) What you are suggesting is a complete impossibility! ▶ niemożliwość niewykonalność
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ the impossible noun [sing.] Don’t attempt the impossible! ▶ rzecz niewykonalna rzecz niemożliwa do wykonania
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impossibly /ɪmˈpɒsəbli; US / adv. extremely impossibly complicated ▶ niemożliwie nieprawdopodobnie
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impostor /ɪmˈpɒstə(r); US / noun [countable] a person who pretends to be sb else in order to trick other people ▶ oszust/ka
|
|
|
bezsilny, cierpiący na impotencję 学び始める
|
|
□ impotence /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ bezsilność nieudolność impotencja impotent /ˈɪmpətənt; US / adj. 1 without enough power to influence a situation or to change things ▶ bezsilny SYNONYM powerless 2 (used about men) not capable of having sex ▶ cierpiący na impotencję
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impracticable /ɪmˈpræktɪkəbl; US / adj. impossible to use or do in practice Your plan is completely impracticable. ▶ niewykonalny nie do przeprowadzenia
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2 (used about a person) not good at doing ordinary things that involve using your hands; not good at organizing or planning things He’s clever but completely impractical. ▶ niepraktyczny impractical /ɪmˈpræktɪkl; US / adj. 1 not sensible or realistic an impractical suggestion It would be impractical to take our bikes on the train. ▶ niepraktyczny
|
|
|
niedokładny, nieprecyzyjny 学び始める
|
|
imprecise /ˌɪmprɪˈsaɪs; US / adj. not clear or exact imprecise instructions ▶ niedokładny nieprecyzyjny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2(formal) to make a woman or female animal pregnant ▶ zapładniać □ impregnation /ˌɪmpreɡˈneɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ nasączenie zapłodnienie /ˈɪmpreɡneɪt/ v [transitive] 1[usually passive] impregnate sth (with sth) to make a substance spread through an area so that the area is full of the substance The pad is impregnated with insecticide. ▶ nasączać coś (czymś) impregnować coś (czymś)
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2(formal) impress sth on/upon sb to make the importance of sth very clear to sb You should impress on John that he must pass these exams. ▶ wpajać zaszczepiać (coś komuś) /ɪmˈpres verb [transitive] 1impress sb (with sth); impress sb that… to make sb feel admiration and respect She’s always trying to impress people with her new clothes. It impressed me that he understood immediately what I meant. ▶ wywierać wrażenie
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impressed /ɪmˈprest/ adj. impressed (by/with sb/sth) feeling admiration for sb/sth because you think they are particularly good, interesting, etc. I must admit I am impressed. We were all impressed by her enthusiasm. ▶ pod wrażeniem (kogoś/czegoś)
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2 the effect that a person or thing produces on sb else She gives the impression of being older than she really is. Do you think I made a good impression on your parents? I want to create an impression of light and space in the house. ▶ wrażenie /ɪmˈpreʃn / noun [c] 1 an idea, a feeling or an opinion that you get about sb/sth What’s your first impression of the new director? I’m not sure but I have/get the impression that ... I was under the impression that you were married. ▶ wrażenie
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impressionable /ɪmˈpreʃənəbl; US / adj. easy to influence Sixteen is a very impressionable age. ▶ podatny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ Impressionist /; US / adj. [usually before a noun] Impressionist landscapes ▶ impresjonistyczny Impressionism /ɪmˈpreʃənɪzəm; US / noun [uncountable] a style in painting developed in France in the late 19th century that uses colour to show the effects of light on things and to suggest atmosphere rather than showing exact details ▶ impresjonizm
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
/ɪmˈpresɪv ; US / adj. causing a feeling of admiration and respect because of the importance, size, quality, etc. of sth an impressive building/speech The way he handled the situation was most impressive. ▶ imponujący wywierający wrażenie
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
imprint1 /ˈɪmprɪnt; US / noun [countable] a mark made by pressing an object on a surface the imprint of a foot in the sand ▶ odbicie odcisk ślad
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ imprisonment /; US / noun [uncountable] life imprisonment dożywocie She was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment. Została skazana na karę pięciu lat więzienia. ▶ uwięzienie imprison /ɪmˈprɪzn; US / verb [transitive, often passive] to put or keep in prison He was imprisoned for armed robbery. ▶ uwięzić wtrącać do więzienia
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ improbability /ɪmˌprɒbəˈbɪləti; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ nieprawdopodobieństwo —improbably /ɪmˈprɒbəbli; US / adv. ▶ nieprawdopodobnie improbable /ɪmˈprɒbəbl; US / adj. not likely to be true or to happen an improbable explanation It is highly improbable that Alexandra will arrive tonight. ▶ nieprawdopodobny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impromptu /ɪmˈprɒmptju:; US -tu: / adj. (done) without being prepared or organized an impromptu party ▶ zaimprowizowany nieprzygotowany □ impromptu adv. ▶ bez przygotowania
|
|
|
nieodpowiedni, nieprawidłowy 学び始める
|
|
2 not suitable for the situation It would be improper to say anything else at this stage. ▶ niewłaściwy niestosowny nieodpowiedni 3 rude in a sexual way He lost his job for making improper suggestions to several of the women. ▶ nieprzyzwoity improper /ɪmˈprɒpə(r); US / adj. 1 illegal or dishonest It seems that she had been involved in improper business deals. ▶ nieodpowiedni nieprawidłowy
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ improperly /; US / adv. ▶ nieodpowiednio nieprawidłowo niewłaściwie OPPOSITE properly
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
We are certain there were no improprieties in the handling of the deal. ▶ niewłaściwość nieprawidłowość impropriety /ˌɪmprəˈpraɪəti; US / noun [u, c] (pl. improprieties) (formal) behaviour or actions that are morally wrong or not appropriate She was unaware of the impropriety of her remark.
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
improve on/upon sth to produce sth that is better than sth else Nobody will be able to improve on that score. ▶ przewyższać/poprawiać coś prześcigać coś improve /ɪmˈpru: v; US / verb [i, t] to become or to make sth better Your work has greatly improved. I hope the weather will improve later on. Your vocabulary is excellent but you could improve your pronunciation. ▶ polepszać (się) poprawiać (się)
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
There’s been a considerable improvement in your mother’s condition. These marks are an improvement on your previous ones. ▶ postęp poprawa improvement /ɪmˈpru: vmənt; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (an) improvement (on/in sth) (a) change which makes the quality or condition of sb/sth better Your written work is in need of some improvement.
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2 to play music, speak or act using your imagination instead of written or remembered material It was obvious that the actor had forgotten his lines and was trying to improvise. a brilliant improvised speech ▶ improwizować improvise /ˈɪmprəvaɪz; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] 1 to make, do or manage sth without preparation, using what you have If you’re short of teachers today you’ll just have to improvise. ▶ improwizować robić coś na poczekaniu
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ improvisation /ˌɪmprəvaɪˈzeɪʃn; US ɪmˌprɑ: və- / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ improwizacja
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
—imprudently /; US / adv. ▶ nierozsądnie imprudent /ɪmˈpru: dnt; US / adj. (formal) not wise or sensible It would be imprudent to invest all your money in one company. ▶ nierozsądny SYNONYM unwise OPPOSITE prudent □ imprudence /-ns; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ brak rozwagi
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
—impudence /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ bezczelność zuchwalstwo zuchwałość impudent /ˈɪmpjədənt; US / adj. (formal) very rude; lacking respect and not polite ▶ bezczelny zuchwały Mniej formalnym słowem jest cheeky. □ impudently /; US / adv. ▶ bezczelnie zuchwale
|
|
|
|
on (an) impulse without thinking or planning and not considering the results When I saw the child fall in the water, I just acted on impulse and jumped in after her. ▶ spontanicznie 学び始める
|
|
2 (technical) a force or movement of energy that causes a reaction nerve/electrical impulses ▶ bodziec impuls impulse /ˈɪmpʌls; US / noun [countable] 1[usually sing.] an impulse (to do sth) a sudden desire to do sth without thinking about the results Her first impulse was to run away. ▶ impuls podnieta
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ impulsively /; US / adv. ▶ popędliwie impulsywnie —impulsiveness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ popędliwość impulsywność impulsive /ɪmˈpʌlsɪv; US / adj. likely to act suddenly and without thinking; done without careful thought He is an impulsive character. an impulsive remark ▶ popędliwy impulsywny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impunity /ɪmˈpju: nəti; US / noun [uncountable] (formal) if a person does sth badwith impunity, they do not get punished for what they have done They continue to break the law with impunity. ▶ bezkarność Wyraża dezaprobatę.
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
impure /ɪmˈpjʊə(r); US / adj. 1 not pure or clean; consisting of more than one substance mixed together (and therefore not of good quality) impure metals ▶ zanieczyszczony nieczysty
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
/ɪmˈpjʊərəti/ (pl. impurities) 1[c, usually pl.] a substance that is present in small amounts in another substance, making it dirty People are being advised to boil their water because certain impurities have been found in it. ▶ zanieczyszczenie
|
|
|
tajniki, szczegóły czegoś 学び始める
|
|
the ins and outs (of sth) the details and difficulties (involved in sth) Will somebody explain the ins and outs of the situation to me? ▶ tajniki szczegóły
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
inability /ˌɪnəˈbɪləti; US / noun [sing.] inability (to do sth) lack of ability, power or skill He has a complete inability to listen to other people’s opinions. ▶ niezdolność niemożność
|
|
|
niedostępny, nieprzystępny 学び始める
|
|
□ inaccessibility /ˌɪnækˌsesəˈbɪləti; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ niedostępność nieprzystępność inaccessible /ˌɪnækˈsesəbl; US / adj. very difficult or impossible to reach or contact That beach is inaccessible by car. His books are inaccessible to the average reader. ▶ niedostępny nieprzystępny OPPOSITE accessible
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ inaccuracy /ɪnˈækjərəsi; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (pl. inaccuracies) The inaccuracy of the statistics was immediately obvious. There are always some inaccuracies in newspaper reports. ▶ nieścisłość niedokładność inaccurate /ɪnˈækjərət; US / adj. not correct or accurate; with mistakes an inaccurate report/description/statement OPPOSITE accurate
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
—inaccurately /; US / adv. ▶ nieścisły niedokładny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
inaction /ɪnˈækʃn; US / noun [uncountable] doing nothing; lack of action The crisis was blamed on the government’s earlier inaction. ▶ bezczynność inercja
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ inactivity /ˌɪnækˈtɪvəti; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ bezczynność bierność OPPOSITE activity inactive /ɪnˈæktɪv; US / adj. doing nothing; not active The virus remains inactive in the body. ▶ bezczynny bierny (wulkan itp.) nieczynny OPPOSITE active
|
|
|
nieodpowiedni, niedostateczny 学び始める
|
|
2 (used about a person) not able to deal with a problem or situation; not confident There was so much to learn in the new job that for a while I felt totally inadequate. (czułem, że całkowicie nie umiem sprostać wymaganiom) ▶ nieodpowiedni nienadający się inadequate /ɪnˈædɪkwət; US / adj. 1 inadequate (for sth/to do sth) not enough; not good enough the problem of inadequate housing ▶ nieodpowiedni niedostateczny
|
|
|
nieodpowiednio, niedostatecznie 学び始める
|
|
—inadequacy /ɪnˈædɪkwəsi; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (pl. inadequacies) his inadequacy as a parent The inadequacies of the health service are often blamed on the government. ▶ nieodpowiedniość niedostateczność □ inadequately /; US / adv. ▶ nieodpowiednio niedostatecznie nienależycie niewystarczająco
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
inadmissible /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl; US / adj. (formal) that cannot be allowed or accepted, especially in a court of law inadmissible evidence ▶ niedopuszczalny nie do przyjęcia
|
|
|
nieumyślny, niezamierzony 学び始める
|
|
inadvertent, unintentional □ inadvertently /; US / adv. She had inadvertently left the letter where he could find it. ▶ nieumyślnie mimowolnie inadvertent /ˌɪnədˈvɜ: tənt; US / adj. (used about actions) done without thinking; not on purpose ▶ nieumyślny mimowolny nieuważny OPPOSITES intentional, deliberate
|
|
|
nierozsądny, nieroztropny 学び始める
|
|
inadvisable /ˌɪnədˈvaɪzəbl; US / adj. not sensible; not showing good judgement It is inadvisable to go swimming after a meal. ▶ nierozsądny nieroztropny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
inanimate /ɪnˈænɪmət; US / adj. not alive A rock is an inanimate object. ▶ martwy nieożywiony
|
|
|
niestosowny, nieopowiedni 学び始める
|
|
inappropriate, inappropriate inappropriate /ˌɪnəˈprəʊpriət; US / adj. not suitable Isn’t that dress rather inappropriate for the occasion? ▶ nieodpowiedni niestosowny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
□ inarticulately /; US / adv. ▶ nieelokwentnie mętnie niewyraźnie inarticulate /ˌɪnɑ:ˈtɪkjələt; US / adj. 1 (used about a person) not able to express ideas and feelings clearly ▶ nieelokwentny 2 (used about speech) not clear or well expressed ▶ mętny niewyraźny OPPOSITE for both meanings articulate
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
inattention /ˌɪnəˈtenʃn; US / noun [uncountable] lack of attention The tragic accident was the result of a moment’s inattention. ▶ nieuwaga zaniedbanie
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
inattentive /ˌɪnəˈtentɪv; US / adj. not paying attention One inattentive student can disturb the whole class. ▶ nieuważny
|
|
|
niesłyszalny, nieuchwytny dla ucha 学び始める
|
|
inaudible /ɪnˈɔ: dəbl; US / adj. not loud enough to be heard ▶ niesłyszalny nieuchwytny dla ucha OPPOSITE audible □ inaudibly /-əbli; US / adv. ▶ niesłyszalnie nieuchwytnie dla ucha
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
inaugural /ɪˈnɔ:ɡjərəl; US / adj. [only before a noun] the President’s inaugural speech ▶ inauguracyjny
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
2 to start, introduce or open sth new, often at a special formal ceremony ▶ inaugurować zapoczątkować inauguration /ɪˌnɔ:ɡjəˈreɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ inauguracja inaugurate /ɪˈnɔ:ɡjəreɪt; US / verb [transitive] 1 to introduce a new official, leader, etc. at a special formal ceremony He will be inaugurated as President next month. ▶ inaugurować wprowadzać uroczyście na stanowisko
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
inauthentic /ˌɪnɔ:ˈɵentɪk; US / adj. not genuine; that you cannot believe or rely on ▶ nieautentyczny OPPOSITE authentic □ inauthenticity /ˌɪnɔ:ɵenˈtɪsəti; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ brak autentyczności
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
inbox /ˈɪnbɒks; US / noun [countable] the place on a computer where you can see new email messages I have a stack of emails in my inbox. ▶ skrzynka odbiorcza
|
|
|
|
学び始める
|
|
incalculable /ɪnˈkælkjələbl; US / adj. very great; too great to calculate an incalculable risk incalculable damage ▶ nieobliczalny
|
|
|
