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niezdolny do zrobienia czegoś 学び始める
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2 not able to do, manage or organize anything well As a doctor, she’s totally incapable. ▶ nieudolny incapable /ɪnˈkeɪpəbl; US / adj. 1 incapable of sth/doing sth not able to do sth She is incapable of hard work/working hard. He’s quite incapable of unkindness. ▶ niezdolny do czegoś
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2the incarnation of sth (a person that is) a perfect example of a particular quality She is the incarnation of goodness. ▶ (forma istnienia) wcielenie (czegoś) incarnation /ˌɪnkɑ:ˈneɪʃn; US / noun [countable] 1 a period of life in a particular form He believed he was a prince in a previous incarnation. ▶ (osoba) wcielenie ⇨ look at reincarnation
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incense /ˈɪnsens; US / noun [uncountable] a substance that produces a sweet smell when burnt, used especially in religious ceremonies ▶ kadzidło
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There’s no incentive for young people to do well at school because there aren’t any jobs when they leave. ▶ zachęta bodziec incentive /ɪnˈsentɪv; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (an) incentive (for/to sb/sth) (to do sth) something that encourages you (to do sth) The company is offering cash incentives to staff to move to another area.
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□ incessantly /; US / adv. ▶ bezustannie ustawicznie bez przerwy incessant /ɪnˈsesnt; US / adj. never stopping (and usually annoying) incessant rain/noise/chatter ▶ bezustanny nieustający nieprzerwany ustawiczny SYNONYM constant ⇨ look at continual
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incestuous /ɪnˈsestjuəs; US -tʃuəs / adj. 1 involving illegal sex between members of the same family an incestuous relationship ▶ kazirodczy incest /ˈɪnsest; US / noun [uncountable] illegal sex between members of the same family, for example brother and sister ▶ kazirodztwo
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incident /ˈɪnsɪdənt; US / noun [countable] (formal) something that happens (especially sth unusual or unpleasant) There were a number of incidents after the football match. a diplomatic incident ▶ incydent zajście wydarzenie zdarzenie
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ɪnsɪˈdentl adj. incidental (to sth) happening as part of sth more important The incidental expenses of a holiday are often more than expected. The book contains various themes that are incidental to the main plot. ▶ nieistotny marginesowy uboczny
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incinerate /ɪnˈsɪnəreɪt; US / verb [transitive] (formal) to destroy sth completely by burning ▶ spopielać spalać
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piec do spalania nieczystości 学び始める
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incinerator /ɪnˈsɪnəreɪtə(r); US / noun [countable] a container or machine for burning rubbish, etc. ▶ piec do spalania nieczystości
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□ incitement /; US / noun [countable, uncountable] He was guilty of incitement to violence. ▶ podburzanie podżeganie podjudzanie incite /ɪnˈsaɪt; US / verb [transitive] incite sb (to sth) to encourage sb to do sth by making them very angry or excited He was accused of inciting the crowd to violence. ▶ podburzać podżegać podjudzać
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My inclination is to say (powiedziałbym) ‘ no’, but what do you think? ▶ skłonność /ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn ; US / noun [c, u] inclination (to do sth); inclination (towards/for sth) a feeling that makes sb want to behave in a particular way He did not show the slightest inclination to help. She had no inclination for a career in teaching.
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2[t] (formal) to bend (your head) forward They sat round the table, heads inclined, deep in discussion. ▶ schylać (głowę) 3[i] incline towards sth to be at an angle in a particular direction The land inclines towards the shore. ▶ nachylać się incline1 /ɪnˈklaɪn; US / verb 1 [intransitive] (formal) incline to/towards sth to want to behave in a particular way or make a particular choice I don’t know what to choose, but I’m inclining towards the fish. ▶ skłaniać się ku czemuś
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incline2 /ˈɪnklaɪn; US / noun [countable] (formal) a slight hill a steep/slight incline ▶ pochyłość nachylenie
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skłonny, mający skłonność 学び始める
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▶ mający ochotę (coś zrobić) skłonny 2inclined to do sth likely to do sth She’s inclined (ma skłonność) to change her mind very easily. ▶ mający skłonność 3 having a natural ability in the subject mentioned to be musically inclined ▶ uzdolniony /ɪnˈklaɪnd / adj. 1 [not before a noun] inclined (to do sth) wanting to do sth There’ll be time for a swim if you feel so inclined. I know Amir well so I’m inclined to believe what he says. I’m inclined to agree, but I’ll have to ask James first.
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2include sb/sth (as/in/on sth) to make sb/sth part (of another group, etc.) The children immediately included the new girl in their games. Everyone was disappointed, myself included. ▶ włączać wliczać include /ɪnˈklu: d/ verb [transitive] [not used in the continuous tenses 1 to have as one part; to contain (among other things) The price of the holiday includes the flight, the hotel and car hire. The crew included one woman. ▶ zawierać wliczać
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inclusion /ɪnˈklu:ʒn; US / noun [uncountable] The inclusion of all that violence in the film was unnecessary. ▶ włączenie
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including /ɪnˈklu: dɪŋ; US / prep. (abbr. incl.) ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW having as a part It costs $ 17.99, including postage and packing. ▶ wliczając łącznie z
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W Amer. ang. through powszechnie używa się zamiast inclusive, mówiąc o czasie: We’ll be away from Friday through Sunday. 2[only after a noun] including the dates, numbers, etc. mentioned You are booked at the hotel from Monday to Friday inclusive. ▶ (od... do) włącznie 学び始める
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The rent is inclusive of electricity (łącznie z opłatą za energię elektryczną). ▶ obejmujący zawierający /ɪnˈklu:sɪv ; US / adj. (abbr. incl.) 1inclusive (of sth) (used about a price, etc.) including or containing everything; including the thing mentioned Is that an inclusive price or are there some extras?
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incognito /ˌɪnkɒɡˈni: təʊ; US / adv. hiding your real name and identity (especially if you are famous and do not want to be recognized) to travel incognito ▶ incognito
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—incoherently /; US / adv. ▶ chaotycznie bezładnie incoherent /ˌɪnkəʊˈhɪərənt; US / adj. not clear or easy to understand; not saying sth clearly incoherent mumbling ▶ chaotyczny bezładny OPPOSITE coherent □ incoherence /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ chaotyczność
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We talk about a monthly or an annual income. An income may be high or low. Your gross income is the amount you earn before paying tax. Your net income is your income after tax. income /ˈɪnkʌm / noun [c, u] the money you receive regularly as payment for your work or as interest on money you have saved, etc. It’s often difficult for a family to live on one income. a source of income źródło przychodów ▶ dochód wpływy
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ˈincome tax noun [uncountable] the amount of money you pay to the government according to how much you earn ▶ podatek dochodowy
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przybywający, nadchodzący 学び始める
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2 new; recently elected the incoming government ▶ nowo wybrany nowy incoming /ˈɪnkʌmɪŋ; US / adj. [only before a noun ] 1 arriving or being received incoming flights/passengers incoming telephone calls przychodzące rozmowy telefoniczne ▶ przybywający nadchodzący
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incomparable /ɪnˈkɒmprəbl; US / adj. so good or great that it does not have an equal incomparable beauty ▶ niezrównany nieporównywalny
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The working hours of the job are incompatible with family life. ▶ niekompatybilny niezgodny (z kimś/czymś) incompatible /ˌɪnkəmˈpætəbl; US / adj. incompatible with sb/sth very different and therefore not able to live or work happily with sb or exist with sth Their marriage won’t last – they’re completely incompatible (zupełnie do siebie nie pasują).
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incompatibility /ˌɪnkəmˌpætəˈbɪləti; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (pl. incompatibilities) ▶ niekompatybilność niezgodność (np. pojęć, usposobień)
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□ incompetent noun [countable] She’s a total incompetent at basketball. ▶ osoba nieudolna incompetent /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt; US / adj. lacking the necessary skill to do sth well He is completely incompetent at his job. an incompetent teacher/manager ▶ nieudolny niekompetentny
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—incompetence /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ nieudolność niekompetencja —incompetently /; US / adv. The business was run incompetently. ▶ nieudolnie niekompetentnie
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□ incompletely /; US / adv. ▶ niezupełnie niecałkowicie niedoskonale incomplete /ˌɪnkəmˈpli: t; US / adj. having a part or parts missing; not total His happiness was incomplete without her. Unfortunately the jigsaw puzzle was incomplete. ▶ niezupełny niecałkowity niedoskonały OPPOSITE complete
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niezrozumiały, niepojętny 学び始める
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incomprehensible, incomprehensible □ incomprehension /ɪnˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ niezrozumienie incomprehensible /ɪnˌkɒmprɪˈhensəbl; US / adj. impossible to understand an incomprehensible explanation Her attitude is totally incomprehensible to the rest of us. ▶ niezrozumiały niepojęty OPPOSITES comprehensible, understandable
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niepojęty, niewyobrażalny 学び始める
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inconceivable, unimaginable inconceivable /ˌɪnkənˈsi: vəbl; US / adj. impossible or very difficult to believe or imagine It’s inconceivable that he would have stolen anything. ▶ niepojęty niewyobrażalny niezrozumiały
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nieprzekonujący, nierozstrzygający 学び始める
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unconvincing, inconclusive OPPOSITE conclusive□ inconclusively /; US / adv. ▶ nie rozstrzygająco nieprzekonująco inconclusive /ˌɪnkənˈklu: sɪv; US / adj. not leading to a definite decision or result an inconclusive discussion inconclusive evidence ▶ nierozstrzygający nieprzekonujący □ inconclusively /; US / adv. ▶ nie rozstrzygająco nieprzekonująco
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□ inconsequentially /-ʃəli; US / adv. They chatted inconsequentially about this and that. ▶ o błahych sprawach inconsequential /ɪnˌkɒnsɪˈkwenʃl; US / adj. not important or worth considering SYNONYM trivial inconsequential details inconsequential chatter ▶ błahy
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inconsiderate /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərət; US / adj. (used about a person) not thinking or caring about the feelings, or needs of other people It was inconsiderate of you not to offer her a lift. ▶ niezważający (np. na czyjeś potrzeby, uczucia) niewrażliwy
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niewrażliwie, nieuprzejemie 学び始める
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□ inconsiderately /; US / adv. ▶ nie zważając (np. na czyjeś potrzeby, uczucia) niewrażliwie nieuprzejmie —inconsiderateness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ nieliczenie się (np. z czyimiś potrzebami, uczuciami) nieuprzejmość
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niekonsekwencja, niezgodność 学び始める
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inconsistency, inconsistency □ inconsistency /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (pl. inconsistencies) There were far too many inconsistencies in her argument. ▶ niekonsekwencja niezgodność
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Facts are inconsistent with the earlier information. ▶ niezgodny sprzeczny 2 (used about a person) likely to change so that you cannot depend on them She’s so inconsistent – sometimes her work is good and sometimes it’s really awful. ▶ niekonsekwentny inconsistent /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt; US / adj. 1 inconsistent (with sth) (used about statements, facts, etc.) not the same as sth else; not matching, so that one thing must be wrong or not true The witnesses’ accounts of the event are inconsistent.
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niekonsekwentnie, niezgodnie 学び始める
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inconsistently, inconsistently —inconsistently /; US / adv. ▶ niekonsekwentnie niezgodnie (z czymś)
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incontestable /ˌɪnkənˈtestəbl; US / adj. (formal) that is true and cannot be disagreed with or denied an incontestable right/fact His claim to the land is incontestable. ▶ niezaprzeczalny SYNONYM indisputable
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□ incontrovertibly /-təbli; US / adv. Her book shows incontrovertibly that he was innocent. ▶ niepodważalnie incontrovertible /ˌɪnkɒntrəˈvɜ: təbl; US / adj. (formal) that is true and cannot be disagreed with or denied incontrovertible evidence/proof ▶ niepodważalny SYNONYM indisputable
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The lack of hot water is a minor inconvenience compared to the lack of light. ▶ niewygoda □ inconvenience verb [transitive] ▶ sprawiać kłopot powodować niewygodę inconvenience /ˌɪnkənˈvi: niəns; US / noun [uncountable, countable] trouble or difficulty, especially when it affects sth that you need to do; a person or thing that causes this We apologize for any inconvenience caused by the delays.
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□ inconveniently /; US / adv. ▶ niewygodnie kłopotliwie uciążliwie inconvenient /ˌɪnkənˈvi: niənt; US / adj. causing trouble or difficulty, especially when it affects sth that you need to do It’s a bit inconvenient at the moment – could you phone again later? ▶ niewygodny kłopotliwy uciążliwy
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□ incorporation /ɪnˌkɔ: pəˈreɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ wcielanie włączanie incorporate /ɪnˈkɔ: pəreɪt; US / verb [t] incorporate sth (in/into/within sth) I’d like you to incorporate this information into your report. The new car incorporates all the most modern safety features. ▶ wcielać zawierać wlączać
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incorporated /ɪnˈkɔ: pəreɪtɪd; US / adj. (abbr. Inc. /ɪŋk; US /) (following the name of a company) formed into a corporation ▶ (towarzystwo, firma) zarejestrowany
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□ incorrectly /; US / adv. The envelope was incorrectly addressed. ▶ błędnie nieprawidłowo niepoprawnie incorrect /ˌɪnkəˈrekt; US / adj. not right or true Incorrect answers should be marked with a cross. ▶ nieprawidłowy błędny niestosowny
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□ incorruptibility /ˌɪnkəˌrʌptəˈbɪləti; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ nieprzekupność niezniszczalność ˌɪnkəˈrʌptəbl adj. 1 (used about people) not able to be persuaded to do sth wrong or dishonest, even if sb offers them money Bribery won’t work with him. He’s incorruptible. ▶ nieprzekupny 2 that cannot decay or be destroyed ▶ niezniszczalny
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She increased her speed (przyśpieszyła) to overtake the lorry. My employer would like me to increase my hours of work from 25 to 30. The rate of inflation has increased by 1% to 7%. ▶ zwiększać (się) wzrastać increase1 /ɪnˈkri: s / verb [intransitive, transitive] increase (sth) (from A) (to B); increase (sth) (by sth to become or to make sth larger in number or amount The number of people working from home will increase steadily during the next decade.
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Doctors expect some further increase in the spread of the disease. a steady increase in the number of people taking holidays abroad They are demanding a large wage increase (podwyżki) in line with inflation. ▶ przyrost wzrost increase2 /ˈɪŋkri: s; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (an) increase (in sth) a rise in the number, amount or level of sth There has been a sharp increase of nearly 50% on last year’s figures.
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be on the increase to become larger or more common; to increase Attacks by dogs on children are on the increase. ▶ wzrastać
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increasingly /ɪnˈkri: sɪŋli; US / adv. more and more It’s becoming increasingly difficult/important/dangerous to stay here. ▶ coraz (bardziej)
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2(informal) extremely good or big He earns an incredible salary. ▶ niewiarygodny ogromny nieprawdopodobny □ incredibly /-əbli; US / adv. We have had some incredibly strong winds recently. ▶ niewiarygodnie nieprawdopodobnie incredible /ɪnˈkredəbl; US / adj. 1 impossible or very difficult to believe I found Jacqueline’s account of the event incredible. ▶ niewiarygodny nieprawdopodobny
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□ incremental /ˌɪŋkrəˈmentl; US / adj. incremental costs ▶ przyrostowy narastający —incrementally /-təli; US / adv. ▶ przyrostowo increment /ˈɪŋkrəmənt; US / noun [countable] (formal) an increase in a number or an amount, especially a regular pay increase a salary of £ 25 000 with annual increments ▶ (automatyczna) podwyżka przyrost
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incriminate /ɪnˈkrɪmɪneɪt; US / verb [transitive] to provide evidence that sb is guilty of a crime The police searched the house but found nothing to incriminate the man. ▶ oskarżać obciążać (zarzutami)
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incubation /ˌɪŋkjuˈbeɪʃn/ noun 1 [uncountable] the process of incubating eggs ▶ wylęganie inkubacja 2[countable] (also ˌincuˈbation period) the period between catching a disease and the time when signs of it appear ▶ okres inkubacji/wylęgania
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incubator /ˈɪŋkjubeɪtə(r); US / noun [countable] 1 a heated machine used in hospitals for keeping small or weak babies alive ▶ inkubator 2 a heated machine for keeping eggs warm until the young birds are born ▶ wylęgarka inkubator
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to inculcate a sense of responsibility in sb to inculcate sb with a sense of responsibility ▶ wpajać coś komuś wszczepiać coś komuś □ inculcation /ˌɪnkʌlˈkeɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ wpojenie inculcate /ˈɪnkʌlkeɪt; US ɪnˈkʌl- / verb [transitive] inculcate sth (in/into sb); inculcate sb with sth (formal) to cause sb to learn and remember ideas, moral principles, etc., especially by repeating them often
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incur /ɪnˈkɜ:(r)/ v [t] (incurred; incurring) (formal) to suffer the unpleasant results of a situation that you have caused to incur debts zaciągać długi to incur sb’s anger ściągać na siebie czyjś gniew ▶ ponosić (np. koszty) narażać się (na coś)
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incurable /ɪnˈkjʊərəbl; US / adj. that cannot be cured or made better an incurable disease ▶ nieuleczalny śmiertelny OPPOSITE curable □ incurably /-əbli; US / adv. incurably ill/romantic ▶ nieuleczalnie śmiertelnie
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□ indecency /ɪnˈdi: snsi; US / noun [uncountable, sing.] ▶ nieprzyzwoitość —indecently /; US / adv. ▶ nieprzyzwoicie indecent /ɪnˈdi: snt; US / adj. shocking to many people in society, especially because sth involves sex or the body indecent photos/behaviour/language He was found guilty of indecent assault. Those tiny swimming trunks are indecent! ▶ nieprzyzwoity
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indecision /ˌɪndɪˈsɪʒn; US / (also indecisiveness /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪvnəs; US /) noun [uncountable] the state of being unable to decide This indecision about the future is really worrying. ▶ niezdecydowanie chwiejność wahanie
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indecisive /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv; US / adj. not able to make decisions easily ▶ niezdecydowany chwiejny OPPOSITE decisive □ indecisively /; US / adv. He stood at the crossroads indecisively, wondering which way to go. ▶ niezdecydowanie
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indecision /ˌɪndɪˈsɪʒn; US / (also indecisiveness /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪvnəs; US /) noun [uncountable] the state of being unable to decide This indecision about the future is really worrying. ▶ niezdecydowanie chwiejność wahanie
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(used after ‘ very’ with an adjective or adverb to emphasize the quality mentioned) Thank you very much indeed. She’s very happy indeed. ▶ naprawdę rzeczywiście indeed /ɪnˈdi: d; US / adv. ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1 (used for emphasizing a positive statement or answer) really; certainly ‘ Have you had a good holiday?’ ‘ We have indeed.’ ▶ rzeczywiście naprawdę
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indefensible /ˌɪndɪˈfensəbl; US / adj. (used about behaviour, etc.) completely wrong; that cannot be defended or excused ▶ nie do usprawiedliwienia nie do obrony
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nieokreślony, nieuchwytny 学び始める
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indefinable /ˌɪndɪˈfaɪnəbl; US / adj. difficult or impossible to describe She has that indefinable quality that makes an actress a star. ▶ nieokreślony nieuchwytny nie do określenia □ indefinably /-əbli; US / adv. ▶ w sposób nieokreślony
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nieokreślony, nieograniczony 学び始める
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indefinitely /ɪnˈdefɪnətli; US / adv. for a period of time that has no fixed end The meeting was postponed indefinitely. ▶ na czas nieokreślony bez końca indefinite /ɪnˈdefɪnət; US / adj. not fixed or clear Our plans are still rather indefinite. ▶ nieokreślony niesprecyzowany
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□ indelicacy /-kəsi; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ niedelikatność prostactwo indelicate /ɪnˈdelɪkət; US / adj. (formal) likely to be thought rude or embarrassing an indelicate question We studiously avoided the indelicate subject of her divorce. ▶ niedelikatny prostacki
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zabezpieczać kogoś przed kimś 学び始める
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2indemnify sb (for sth) to pay sb an amount of money because of the damage or loss that they have suffered The tenant is legally required to indemnify the landlord for any damage caused to the property. ▶ wypłacać komuś odszkodowanie (za coś) indemnify /ɪnˈdemnɪfaɪ; US / verb (indemnifies; indemnifying; indemnified; indemnified) [transitive] 1indemnify sb (against sth) to promise to pay sb an amount of money if they suffer any damage or loss ▶ zabezpieczać kogoś (przed czymś)
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ubezpieczenie, odszkodowanie 学び始める
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2[countable] a sum of money that is given as payment for damage or loss ▶ odszkodowanie (pl. -ies)(formal or technical) 1[u] indemnity (against sth) protection against damage or loss, especially in the form of a promise to pay for any that happens an indemnity clause/fund/policy indemnity insurance ▶ ubezpieczenie (od czegoś)
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In 1947 India achieved independence from Britain. The old lady refused to go into a nursing home because she didn’t want to lose her independence. financial independence ▶ niepodległość niezależność independence /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns; US / noun [u] independence (from sb/sth) (used about a person, country, etc.) the state of being free and not controlled by another person, country, etc.
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3independent (of/from sb/sth) not needing or wanting help My son likes travelling on his own – he’s very independent for his age. I got a part-time job because I wanted to be financially independent from my parents. ▶ niezależny 学び始める
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2 not influenced by or connected with sb/sth Complaints against the police should be investigated by an independent body. Two independent opinion polls have obtained similar results. ▶ niezależny osobny independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt; US / adj. 1 independent (of/from sb/sth) free from and not controlled by another person, country, etc. Many former colonies are now independent nations. independent schools/TV ▶ niepodległy niezależny
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□ independently /; US / adv. independently (of sb/sth) Scientists working independently of each other have had very similar results. ▶ niezależnie osobno
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indescribable /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbl; US / adj. too good or bad to be described indescribable poverty/luxury/noise ▶ nieopisany nie do opisania □ indescribably /-əbli; US / adv. ▶ nieopisanie
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indestructible /ˌɪndɪˈstrʌktəbl; US / adj. that cannot be easily damaged or destroyed plastic containers that are indestructible an indestructible bond of friendship ▶ niezniszczalny
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indeterminate /ˌɪndɪˈtɜ: mɪnət; US / adj. that cannot be identified easily or exactly She was a tall woman of indeterminate age. ▶ nieokreślony □ indeterminacy /-nəsi; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ nieokreśloność
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a way of showing how the price, value, rate, etc. of sth has changed the cost-of-living index ▶ wskaźnik indeks □ index verb [t] The books in the library are indexed by subject and title. ▶ sporządzać indeks/skorowidz index /ˈɪndeks/ n [c] (pl. indexes) 1 a list in order from A to Z, usually at the end of a book, of the names or subjects that are referred to in the book If you want to find all the references to London, look it up in the index. ▶ indeks skorowidz
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Indian /ˈɪndiən; US / adj. from the Republic of India Indian food is hot and spicy. ▶ indyjski □ Indian noun [countable] 1 a person from the Republic of India ▶ mieszkaniec Indii
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4[intransitive, transitive] to signal that your car, etc. is going to turn Why didn’t you indicate? The lorry indicated left but turned right. ▶ sygnalizować 3[transitive] to make sb notice sth, especially by pointing to it The receptionist indicated where I should sign. The boy seemed to be indicating that I should follow him. ▶ wskazywać (zwł. ręką) pokazywać 学び始める
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2[transitive] to say sth in an indirect way The spokesman indicated that an agreement was likely soon. ▶ sygnalizować sugerować indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt / verb 1 [t] to show that sth is probably true or exists The report indicates a need for more spending on research. Recent research indicates that children are getting too little exercise. ▶ wskazywać (na coś) sygnalizować
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The cat was showing no indication of wanting to come down from the tree. ▶ oznaka wskazanie sygnał /ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn ; US / noun [c, u] an indication (of sth/doing sth); an indication that… something that shows sth; a sign There was no indication of a struggle. There is every indication that (wszystko wskazuje na to, że) he will make a full recovery.
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indicative /ɪnˈdɪkətɪv; US / adj. (formal) be indicative (of sth) to be or give a sign of sth Is the unusual weather indicative (czy anomalie pogodowe są oznaką) of climatic changes? ▶ wskazywać (na coś) oznaczać (coś)
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2(US ˈturn signal) (informal blinker) the flashing light on a car, etc. that shows that it is going to turn right or left ▶ kierunkowskaz migacz indicator /ˈɪndɪkeɪtə(r); US / noun [countable] 1 something that gives information or shows sth; a sign The indicator showed that we had plenty of petrol. The unemployment rate is a reliable indicator of economic health. ▶ wskaźnik
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indifference /ɪnˈdɪfrəns; US / noun [uncountable] indifference (to sb/sth) a lack of interest or feeling towards sb/sth He has always shown indifference to the needs of others. ▶ obojętność
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2 not very good The standard of football in the World Cup was rather indifferent. ▶ mierny marny □ indifferently /; US / adv. ▶ obojętnie miernie marnie indifferent /ɪnˈdɪfrənt; US / adj. 1 indifferent (to sb/sth) not interested in or caring about sb/sth The manager of the shop seemed indifferent to our complaints. ▶ obojętny
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indigestion /ˌɪndɪˈdʒestʃən; US / noun [uncountable] pain in the stomach that is caused by difficulty in dealing with food Peppers give me indigestion. Po papryce cierpię na niestrawność. ▶ niestrawność indigestible /ˌɪndɪˈdʒestəbl; US / adj. (used about food) difficult or impossible for the stomach to deal with ▶ niestrawny
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□ indignantly /; US / adv. ▶ z oburzeniem /ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/ indignant (with sb) (about/at sth); indignant that… shocked or angry because sb has said or done sth that you do not like and do not agree with They were indignant that they had to pay more for worse services. ▶ oburzony zbulwersowany
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indignity /ɪnˈdɪɡnəti / noun [u, c] (pl. indignities) indignity (of sth/of doing sth) a situation that makes you feel embarrassed because you are not treated with respect; the daily indignities of imprisonment ▶ upokorzenie poniżenie indignation /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] indignation (at/about sth); indignation that... shock and anger commuters’ indignation at the rise in fares ▶ oburzenie
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indigo /ˈɪndɪɡəʊ; US / adj. very dark blue in colour ▶ w kolorze indygo □ indigo noun [uncountable] ▶ kolor indygo
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3 not going in a straight line or using the shortest route We came the indirect route to avoid driving through London. ▶ okrężny /ˌɪndəˈrekt ; US -daɪˈr- / adj. not being the direct cause of sth; not having a direct connection with sth an indirect result ▶ pośredni 2 that avoids saying sth in an obvious way an indirect answer to a question ▶ ( odpowiedź itp.) wymijający
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□ indirectly /; US / adv. ▶ pośrednio wymijająco okrężną drogą z przesiadką OPPOSITE directly —indirectness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ pośredniość brak jasności (np. w odpowiedzi) brak bezpośredniego dojazdu
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indiscreet /ˌɪndɪˈskri: t; US / adj. not careful or polite in what you say or do ▶ niedyskretny nieroztropny nietaktowny OPPOSITE discreet □ indiscreetly /; US / adv. ▶ niedyskretnie nieroztropnie
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indiscretion /ˌɪndɪˈskreʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] behaviour that is not careful or polite, and that might cause embarrassment or offence ▶ niedyskrecja nieostrożność
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indispensable /ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl; US / adj. very important, so that it is not possible to be without it A car is indispensable nowadays if you live in the country. ▶ niezbędny konieczny
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indisputable /ˌɪndɪˈspju: təbl; US / adj. definitely true; that cannot be shown to be wrong ▶ bezsporny niekwestionowany bezsprzeczny
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indistinct /ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋkt; US / adj. not clear indistinct figures/sounds/memories ▶ niewyraźny niejasny OPPOSITE distinct □ indistinctly /; US / adv. ▶ niewyraźnie niejasno
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indistinguishable /ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəbl; US / adj. indistinguishable (from sth) appearing to be the same From a distance the two colours are indistinguishable. ▶ nie do odróżnienia
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2 for or from one person Children need individual attention when they are learning to read. an individual portion of butter porcja masła dla jednej osoby ▶ indywidualny osobisty individual1 /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl; US / adj. ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1[only before a noun] considered separately rather than as part of a group Each individual animal is weighed and measured before being set free. ▶ pojedynczy poszczególny
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individual2 /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl; US / noun [countable] 1 one person, considered separately from others or a group Are the needs of society more important than the rights of the individual? ▶ jednostka (jedna) osoba
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2 the belief that individual people in society should have the right to make their own decisions, etc., rather than be controlled by the government Capitalism stresses innovation, competition and individualism. ▶ indywidualizm individualism /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəlɪzəm; US / noun [uncountable] 1 the quality of being different from other people and doing things in your own way She owes her success to her individualism and flair. ▶ indywidualizm
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an individualistic culture His music is highly individualistic and may not appeal to everyone. ▶ swoisty indywidualistyczny individualist /-əlɪst; US / noun [countable] She’s a complete individualist in her art. ▶ indywidualist(k)a —individualistic /ˌɪndɪˌvɪdʒuəˈlɪstɪk; US / (also individualist) adj.
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