Unit 14 Present perfect and past (2) (I have done and I did)

 0    12 フィッシュ    joasiahuchwajda
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質問 English 答え English
Do not use the present perfect (I have done) when you talk about a finished time (for example yesterday/ten minutes ago/in 1985/when I was a child). Use a past tense:
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The weather was nice yesterday. (not ‘has been nice’) They arrived ten minutes ago. (not ‘have arrived’) I ate a lot of sweets when I was a child. (not ‘have eaten’) Did you see the news on television last night (not ‘Have you seen’) no, I went to bed early. (not ‘have gone’).
Use a past tense to ask When...? or What time...?
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When did they arrive? (not ‘have they arrived’) What time did you finish work?
Present perfect: Tom has lost his key. He can’t get into the house.
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Here, we are not thinking of the past action. We are thinking of the present result of the action: Tom doesn’t have his key now.
Past simple: Tom lost his key yesterday. He couldn’t get into the house.
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Here, we are thinking of the action in the past. We don’t know from this sentence whether Tom has his key now.
We use the present perfect for a period of time that continues from the past until now. For example, today, this week, since 1985. The present perfect always has a connection with now.
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We use the past simple for a finished time in the past. For example, yesterday, last week, from 1985 to 1991. The past simple tells us only about the past.
I’ve done a lot of work today.
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I did a lot of work yesterday.
It hasn’t rained this week.
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It didn’t rain last week.
Have you seen Ann recently?
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Did you see Ann on Sunday?
I don’t know where Ann is. I haven’t seen her. (=I haven’t seen her recently)
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Was Ann at the party on Sunday? I don’t think so. I didn’t see her.
We’ve been waiting for an hour. (we are still waiting now)
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We waited (or were waiting) for an hour. (we are no longer waiting)
Ian lives in London. He has lived there for seven years.
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Ian lived in Scotland for ten years. Now he lives in London.
I have never played golf. (in my life)
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I didn’t play golf when I was on holiday last summer.

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