the nervous system

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質問 English 答え English
Two major anatomical divisions are:
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the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
CNS consists of
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the brain and the spinal cord.
PNS consists of
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nerves that carry sensory messages to the CNS and motor commands from the CNS to the muscles and glands.
Two types of cells are:
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neurons and neuroglia.
Neurons funtions are to:
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transmit nerve impulses between parts of the nervous system.
Neuroglia functions are to:
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support and nourish neurons, maintain homeostasis, form myelin and may aid in signal transmission.
Neurons consist of:
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a cell body, dendrites and an axon.
The cell body contains
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the nucleus and other organelle.
Dendrites are
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extensions leading toward the cell body that receive signals from other neurons.
An axon function is to:
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conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body toward other neurons or effectors.
Different sorts of neurons are:
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sensory neurons, interneurons and motor neurons.
A sensory neuron function is to:
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take messages to the CNS.
A sensory neuron may be equipped with:
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endings called sensory receptors that detect changes in the environment.
An interneuron lies
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within the CNS.
An interneuron function is to:
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receive input from sensory neurons and from other interneurons. Sum up all the messages received from sensory neurons before communicate with motor neurons.
A motor neuron function is to:
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take messages away from the CNS to an effector.

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